Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2010 Feb;14(2):207-19. doi: 10.1517/14728220903540265.
Fractalkine, also known as CX3CL1, is the unique member of the fourth class of chemokines and mediates both chemotaxis and adhesion of inflammatory cells via its highly selective receptor CX3CR1. Fractalkine mediates inflammatory responses and pain sensation and is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous inflammatory disorders and malignancies.
We performed a Medline/PubMed search to detect all published studies that explored the role of fractalkine and CX3CR1 and the possibilities of therapeutic intervention in the fractalkine/CX3CR1 axis in a wide range of clinical disorders, using CX3CR1 blocking antibodies, different fractalkine antagonists, CX3CR1 depletion or transfection of fractalkine expression vectors.
This review summarizes the role of fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 in various diseases, focusing on their high potential as novel therapeutic targets, with special emphasis on pancreatic diseases.
The reviewed studies provide promising results demonstrating fractalkine and CX3CR1 as potential target molecules for future therapeutics that may attenuate pain, inflammation and furthermore serve as an anti-cancer therapy. However, to date, no therapeutics targeting fractalkine or CX3CR1 are in clinical use.
趋化因子 fractalkine，也被称为 CX3CL1，是第四类趋化因子的独特成员，通过其高度选择性的受体 CX3CR1 介导炎症细胞的趋化和黏附。Fractalkine 介导炎症反应和痛觉，并参与许多炎症性疾病和恶性肿瘤的发病机制和进展。
我们进行了 Medline/PubMed 搜索，以检测所有已发表的研究，这些研究探索了 fractalkine 和 CX3CR1 的作用，以及使用 CX3CR1 阻断抗体、不同的 fractalkine 拮抗剂、CX3CR1 耗竭或转染 fractalkine 表达载体在广泛的临床疾病中干预 fractalkine/CX3CR1 轴的治疗可能性。
本综述总结了 fractalkine 及其受体 CX3CR1 在各种疾病中的作用，重点关注它们作为新型治疗靶点的巨大潜力，特别强调胰腺疾病。
综述研究提供了有希望的结果，表明 fractalkine 和 CX3CR1 可作为未来治疗的潜在靶标分子，可能减轻疼痛、炎症，并且可以作为抗癌治疗。然而，迄今为止，尚无针对 fractalkine 或 CX3CR1 的治疗药物在临床上使用。
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