Elterman L, Wexler R, Chang D T
Appl Opt. 1969 May 1;8(5):893. doi: 10.1364/AO.8.000893.
A series of 119 profiles obtained over New Mexico comprise aerosol attenuation coefficients vs altitude to about 35 km. These profiles show the existence of several features. A surface convective dust layer extending up to about 5 km is seasonally dependent. Also, a turbidity maximum exists below the tropopause. The altitude of an aerosol maximum in the lower stratosphere is located just below that of the minimum temperature. The colder the minimum temperature, the greater is the aerosol content of the layer. This relationship suggests that the 20-km dust layer is due to convection in tropical air and advection to higher latitudes. Computed averages of optical thickness show that abatement of stratospheric dust from the Mt. Agung eruption became evident in April 1964. Results based on seventy-nine profiles characterizing volcanic dust abatement indicate that above 26 km, the aerosol scale height averages 3.75 km. Extrapolating with this scale height, tabulations are developed for uv, visible, and ir attenuation to 50 km. Optical mixing ratios are used to examine the aerosol concentrations at various altitudes, including a layer at 26 km having an optical thickness 10(-3) for 0.55-micro wavelength.
在新墨西哥州上空获取的一系列119个剖面包含了气溶胶衰减系数与高达约35公里高度的关系。这些剖面显示出几个特征。一个延伸至约5公里高度的地表对流尘埃层具有季节性。此外，对流层顶下方存在一个浊度最大值。平流层下部气溶胶最大值的高度位于最低温度高度之下。最低温度越低，该层的气溶胶含量越高。这种关系表明，20公里处的尘埃层是热带空气对流和平流至更高纬度的结果。计算得到的光学厚度平均值表明，阿贡火山喷发导致的平流层尘埃减少在1964年4月变得明显。基于79个表征火山尘埃减少情况的剖面得出的结果表明，在26公里以上，气溶胶标高平均为3.75公里。用这个标高进行外推，编制了紫外线、可见光和红外线在50公里高度处的衰减表格。光学混合比用于研究不同高度的气溶胶浓度，包括26公里处一个对于0.55微米波长光学厚度为10（-3）的层。
