Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Parkinson's Disease Research, Education and Clinical Center and the Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2009 Dec;15 Suppl 3:S110-3. doi: 10.1016/S1353-8020(09)70794-1.
There is an increasing awareness that impulse control disorders (ICDs), including compulsive gambling, buying, sexual behavior and eating, can occur as a complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, other impulsive or compulsive disorders including dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) and punding are reported. Case reporting and prospective studies documented an association between ICDs and the use of dopamine agonists (DAs), and to a lesser extent levodopa use, while DDS occurs with higher dosages of levodopa or short-acting DAs. Data suggest that risk factors for an ICD may include male sex, younger age or younger age at PD onset, a pre-PD history of ICD symptoms, personal or family history of substance abuse or bipolar disorder, and a personality style characterized by impulsiveness. It is important that PD patients be aware that DA use may lead to the development of one or more ICDs, and clinicians monitor patients as part of routine clinical care.
人们越来越意识到，冲动控制障碍（ICD），包括强迫性赌博、购物、性行为和饮食行为，可能会成为帕金森病（PD）的并发症。此外，还报道了其他冲动或强迫性障碍，包括多巴胺失调综合征（DDS）和冲动性强迫行为。病例报告和前瞻性研究记录了 ICD 与多巴胺激动剂（DAs）的使用之间存在关联，并且与使用左旋多巴的相关性较小，而 DDS 则与较高剂量的左旋多巴或短效 DAs 相关。数据表明，ICD 的风险因素可能包括男性、年龄较小或 PD 发病年龄较小、PD 前有 ICD 症状史、个人或家族滥用药物或双相情感障碍史，以及冲动性人格特征。重要的是，PD 患者应该意识到 DA 的使用可能会导致一种或多种 ICD 的发生，并且临床医生应作为常规临床护理的一部分对患者进行监测。
