Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Centre for Environmental Engineering Research and Education, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 May;101(10):3657-64. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.058. Epub 2010 Jan 18.
In this study, cattle manure was converted to bio-oil by subcritical hydrothermal liquefaction in the presence of NaOH. The effects of conversion temperature, process gas, initial conversion pressure, residence time and mass ratio of cattle manure to water on the bio-oil yield were studied. The bio-oil was characterized in terms of elemental composition, higher heating value, ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed that the bio-oil yield depended on the conversion temperature and the process gas. Higher initial conversion pressure, longer residence time and larger mass ratio of cattle manure to water, however, had negative impacts on the bio-oil yield. The higher heating value of bio-oil was 35.53MJ/kg on average. The major non-polar components of bio-oil were toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene, which are components of crude oil, gasoline and diesel.
在这项研究中，通过在氢氧化钠存在下的亚临界水热液化，将牛粪转化为生物油。考察了转化温度、过程气体、初始转化压力、停留时间和牛粪与水的质量比等因素对生物油产率的影响。通过元素组成、高位发热量、紫外-可见（UV/Vis）光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对生物油进行了表征。结果表明，生物油产率取决于转化温度和过程气体。然而，较高的初始转化压力、较长的停留时间和较大的牛粪与水的质量比，对生物油产率有负面影响。生物油的高位发热量平均为 35.53MJ/kg。生物油的主要非极性成分是甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯，它们是原油、汽油和柴油的成分。
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