Stock C J
Ferris State University, Lansing, MI.
DICP. 1991 Jan;25(1):49-53. doi: 10.1177/106002809102500110.
The effect that codeine has on the process of addiction and recovery is unclear. Confusion about definitions, study endpoints, and a lack of well-controlled clinical studies has led to this uncertainty. Codeine addiction is uncommon in people who do not have existing vulnerability to addiction, including alcoholism. Codeine use can sustain addiction or increase the risk of relapse in patients afflicted with addiction. The risk of relapse must be considered when treating conditions such as pain or cough in a person recovering from addiction. Codeine use may be circumvented with the appropriate use of alternative treatments for pain or cough. If codeine use becomes necessary, cautious prescribing and reliance on the patient's recovery support network become imperative.
可待因对成瘾及康复过程的影响尚不清楚。对定义、研究终点的混淆以及缺乏严格对照的临床研究导致了这种不确定性。在没有成瘾易感性（包括酗酒）的人群中，可待因成瘾并不常见。可待因的使用会使成瘾持续或增加成瘾患者复发的风险。在治疗成瘾康复者的疼痛或咳嗽等病症时，必须考虑复发风险。对于疼痛或咳嗽，可通过适当使用替代疗法来避免使用可待因。如果必须使用可待因，谨慎开药并依靠患者的康复支持网络就变得至关重要。
