体外驱虫活性的 Combretum molle（R. Br. ex G. Don）（使君子科）对捻转血矛线虫卵和幼虫。
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Combretum molle (R. Br. ex G. Don) (Combretaceae) against Haemonchus contortus ova and larvae.
机构信息
Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
出版信息
Vet Parasitol. 2010 Apr 19;169(1-2):198-203. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.036. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
Parasitic nematodes, especially Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi), are among the most common and economically important causes of disease in sheep and goats owned by pastoralists and small holder farmers in Africa. The control of these infections relies mainly on the use of anthelmintic drugs. However, herbal preparations are widely used by pastoralists and small holder farmers for the treatment of their livestock against helminth parasites. The anthelmintic effect of acetone leaf extract and fractions of Combretum molle was investigated to determine the relative efficacy of the components against gastrointestinal sheep nematodes. The fractions were obtained by solvent:solvent extraction from the acetone extract. These were evaluated for nematocidal activity by means of an egg hatch (EHA) and larval a development and viability assay (LDVA) in vitro. The effect of the test extracts on the hatchability of eggs and development of first to third stage larvae and the survival rate of the third stage larvae. H. contortus, were used to determine the relative bioactivities. Best-fit LC(50) values were computed using global model of nonlinear regression curve-fitting. The extracts inhibited egg hatching and development of the larvae of H. contortus in a concentration-dependent manner. Best-fit LC(50) values for the egg hatch test were 0.866, 0.333, 0.833, 0.747, and 0.065mg/mL for acetone extract, n-butanol, hexane, chloroform, and 35% water in methanol fractions, respectively. The best-fit LC(50) values for the LDVA were 0.604, 0.362, 1.077, 0.131 and 0.318mg/mL for the acetone extract, butanol, hexane, chloroform, and 35% water in methanol fractions, respectively. In the EHA the 35% water in methanol fraction was significantly more active than all the other fractions (p<0.05); however the activity was not significantly different with the LDVA. C. molle leaf could find application in anthelmintic therapy in veterinary practice.
寄生线虫，特别是捻转血矛线虫（Rudolphi），是非洲牧民和小农户饲养的绵羊和山羊中最常见和经济上最重要的疾病原因之一。这些感染的控制主要依赖于驱虫药物的使用。然而，牧民和小农户广泛使用草药制剂来治疗他们的牲畜对抗蠕虫寄生虫。本研究调查了丙酮叶提取物和 Combretum molle 馏分对绵羊胃肠道线虫的驱虫效果，以确定其成分对胃肠道绵羊线虫的相对疗效。馏分通过溶剂：溶剂从丙酮提取物中提取。通过体外卵孵化（EHA）和幼虫发育和活力测定（LDVA）评估这些馏分的驱虫活性。测试提取物对卵孵化率和第一至第三阶段幼虫发育以及第三阶段幼虫存活率的影响。捻转血矛线虫用于确定相对生物活性。使用非线性回归曲线拟合的全局模型计算最佳拟合 LC（50）值。提取物以浓度依赖的方式抑制 H. contortus 卵孵化和幼虫发育。卵孵化试验的最佳拟合 LC（50）值分别为丙酮提取物、正丁醇、己烷、氯仿和 35%甲醇馏分的 0.866、0.333、0.833、0.747 和 0.065mg/mL。LDVA 的最佳拟合 LC（50）值分别为丙酮提取物、正丁醇、己烷、氯仿和 35%甲醇馏分的 0.604、0.362、1.077、0.131 和 0.318mg/mL。在 EHA 中，35%甲醇馏分比其他所有馏分都更活跃（p<0.05）；然而，与 LDVA 相比，其活性没有显著差异。C. molle 叶可在兽医实践中用于驱虫治疗。
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