Center for Comparative Oncology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Cell Signal. 2010 Jul;22(7):1003-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.01.013. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) was originally identified as an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, a mediator of p53 in growth suppression and a marker of cellular senescence. p21 is required for proper cell cycle progression and plays a role in cell death, DNA repair, senescence and aging, and induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. Although transcriptional regulation is considered to be the initial control point for p21 expression, there is growing evidence that post-transcriptional and post-translational regulations play a critical role in p21 expression and activity. This review will briefly discuss the activity of p21 and focus on current knowledge of the determinants that control p21 transcription, mRNA stability and translation, and protein stability and activity.
p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1)最初被鉴定为细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶的抑制剂，是 p53 在生长抑制和细胞衰老中的介质，也是细胞衰老的标志物。p21 是细胞周期进程所必需的，在细胞死亡、DNA 修复、衰老和老化以及诱导多能干细胞重编程中发挥作用。尽管转录调控被认为是 p21 表达的初始控制点，但越来越多的证据表明，转录后和翻译后调控在 p21 表达和活性中起着关键作用。这篇综述将简要讨论 p21 的活性，并重点介绍目前对控制 p21 转录、mRNA 稳定性和翻译以及蛋白质稳定性和活性的决定因素的认识。
