University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Translational Research Laboratories, 125 South 31st Street, Room 2213, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010 Feb;11(3):423-39. doi: 10.1517/14656560903508762.
Despite continued efforts to optimize pharmacological treatment for individuals with psychiatric disorders, efficacy and tolerability of medication remains highly variable. In addition to clinical heterogeneity, diagnostic uncertainty, environmental, social factors, and genetic factors have been identified as playing an important role in the interindividual differences in therapeutic and toxic drug effects.
This article describes recent developments in the field of psychiatric pharmacogenetics and focuses on antidepressant, antipsychotic, anticonvulsant, and mood-stabilizing drugs.
Recent findings from pharmacogenetic clinical trials are reviewed and clinical implications are discussed.
Although current data are too sparse to allow the development of guidelines for using pharmacogenetic testing in routine clinical practice, the field of psychiatric pharmacogenetics is rapidly developing and identification of genetic biomarkers that predict therapeutic response and risk of side effects will ultimately help the practitioner to choose effective and safe treatment for patients suffering from psychiatric disorders.
尽管继续努力优化药物治疗的个人与精神疾病，疗效和耐受性的药物仍然高度可变。除了临床异质性，诊断的不确定性，环境，社会因素和遗传因素已被确定为在个体间差异的治疗和有毒药物的影响中发挥重要作用。
本文描述了精神药理学的最新发展，并侧重于抗抑郁药，抗精神病药，抗惊厥药和情绪稳定剂。
最近的发现从药物遗传学临床试验进行了回顾和讨论的临床意义。
虽然目前的数据还太稀疏，以允许发展的使用指南药物遗传学检测在常规临床实践中，精神药理学的领域正在迅速发展和鉴定的遗传生物标志物，预测治疗反应和副作用的风险最终将帮助医生选择有效的和安全的治疗患者患有精神疾病。
