Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
Med Hypotheses. 2010 May;74(5):807-13. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.12.010. Epub 2010 Jan 27.
Malaria affects thousands of people around the world representing a critical issue regarding health policies in tropical countries. Similarly, also haemolytic diseases such as sickle cell disease and thalassemias are a concern in different parts of the globe. It is well established that haemolytic diseases, such as sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemias, represent a resistance factor to malaria, which explains the high frequencies of such genetic variants in malaria endemic areas. In this context, it has been shown that the rate limiting enzyme heme oxygenase I (HO-1), responsible for the catabolism of the free heme in the body, is an important resistance factor in malaria and is also important in the physiopathology of haemolytic diseases. Here, we suggest that allelic variants of HO-1, which display significant differences in terms of protein expression, have been selected in endemic malaria areas since the HO-1 enzyme can enhance the protection against malaria conferred by haemolytic diseases This protection apply mainly in what concerns protection against severe malaria forms. Therefore, HO-1 genotyping would be fundamental to determine resistance of a given individual to lethal forms of malaria as well as to common clinical complications typical to haemolytic diseases and would be helpful in the establishment of public health politics.
疟疾影响着全球成千上万的人，这是热带国家卫生政策的一个重大问题。同样，溶血性疾病，如镰状细胞病和地中海贫血症，也是全球不同地区关注的问题。众所周知，溶血性疾病，如镰状细胞病（SCD）和地中海贫血症，是对疟疾的一种抵抗因素，这解释了这些遗传变异在疟疾流行地区的高频率。在这种情况下，已经表明负责体内游离血红素分解代谢的限速酶血红素加氧酶 I（HO-1）是疟疾的一个重要抵抗因素，在溶血性疾病的病理生理学中也很重要。在这里，我们建议 HO-1 的等位基因变异体已经在疟疾流行地区被选择，因为 HO-1 酶可以增强溶血性疾病赋予的对疟疾的保护作用。这种保护主要适用于严重疟疾形式的保护。因此，HO-1 基因分型对于确定个体对致命形式的疟疾以及溶血性疾病的常见临床并发症的抵抗力至关重要，这将有助于制定公共卫生政策。
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