Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2010 Feb;8(2):137-50. doi: 10.1586/eri.09.134.
Group A streptococcal pharyngitis remains the most important bacterial pharyngitis because of its frequency and potential complications. Group A streptococcal pharyngitis is most common in children 5-11 years of age in winter-spring, and a rapid test or culture is necessary for accurate diagnosis. We propose a management strategy for those geographic areas with very low acute rheumatic fever rates, emphasizing selective testing that avoids testing those patients with viral-like features (e.g., rhinorrhea and cough). Acute rheumatic fever is the most important immune-mediated sequela and has become rare in most areas of the USA and Western Europe, most probably due to decreased circulation of highly rheumatogenic group A streptococcal strains.
A 组链球菌性咽炎仍然是最重要的细菌性咽炎，因为它的发病率高且可能引起并发症。A 组链球菌性咽炎在冬春季节最常见于 5-11 岁的儿童，准确的诊断需要进行快速检测或培养。我们为那些急性风湿热发病率非常低的地区提出了一种管理策略，强调有选择地进行检测，避免对那些具有类似病毒特征（例如流涕和咳嗽）的患者进行检测。急性风湿热是最重要的免疫介导性后遗症，在美国和西欧的大多数地区已变得罕见，这很可能是由于高度致风湿性 A 组链球菌菌株的循环减少所致。
