Thompson B C, Wells M B
Appl Opt. 1971 Jul 1;10(7):1539-49. doi: 10.1364/AO.10.001539.
A calculational method is described that was developed for use in predicting the angular distribution of the upwelling flux of sunlight scattered by the atmosphere and reflected by the ground. Monte Carlo calculations of the radiation escaping the top of a plane-parallel model atmosphere were used as input in a computer procedure that integrates the reflected intensities over the sunlit portion of the top of the earth's atmosphere, which is visible by a receiver located on a spacecraft. Calculations were performed for a model maritime atmosphere, with and without low-altitude cloud layer, and a model continental atmosphere, which includes treatment of the effects of aerosol, Rayleigh scattering, and ozone absorption. The ground surface was assumed to be a Lambert reflector. The results of the Monte Carlo calculation for five wavelengths between 370 nm and 780 nm were compared with measured data from the Ames Research Center earth albedo experiment on the OSO-3 satellite. Agreement between calculated and measured values was sufficiently good to warrant the conclusion that reasonable estimates of the angular distribution of the radiation reaching a near-earth spacecraft from different atmospheric conditions could be calculated.
描述了一种计算方法，该方法用于预测被大气散射并被地面反射的阳光向上通量的角分布。对平面平行模型大气顶部逸出的辐射进行蒙特卡罗计算，将其作为计算机程序的输入，该程序对位于航天器上的接收器可见的地球大气顶部阳光照射部分的反射强度进行积分。针对有和没有低空云层的海洋模型大气以及包括气溶胶、瑞利散射和臭氧吸收影响处理的大陆模型大气进行了计算。地面被假定为朗伯反射体。将370纳米至780纳米之间五个波长的蒙特卡罗计算结果与OSO - 3卫星上艾姆斯研究中心地球反照率实验的测量数据进行了比较。计算值与测量值之间的一致性足够好，足以得出结论：可以计算出不同大气条件下到达近地航天器的辐射角分布的合理估计值。
