Hayes J N
Appl Opt. 1972 Feb 1;11(2):455-61. doi: 10.1364/AO.11.000455.
Thermal blooming of laser beams in liquids and gases has been studied using geometrical optics. The intensity profiles, light rays, and fluid density changes are determined as functions of time and of the initial beam profile. Short and long time behavior are derived. The effects of thermal conduction and viscosity. are included. Special beam profiles such as a uniformly illuminated aperture, a parabolic profile, and a Gaussian beam are treated. The on-axis beam intensity as given by the theory is compared to the data proved by Kenemuth et al. and is shown to fit within the experimental error.
利用几何光学研究了激光束在液体和气体中的热晕现象。强度分布、光线以及流体密度变化被确定为时间和初始光束分布的函数。推导了短期和长期行为。包括了热传导和粘性的影响。处理了诸如均匀照明孔径、抛物线分布和高斯光束等特殊光束分布。将理论给出的轴上光束强度与凯内穆特等人提供的数据进行了比较，结果表明在实验误差范围内拟合良好。
