Kido T, Shaikh Z A, Kito H, Honda R, Nogawa K
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881-0809.
Toxicology. 1991 Mar 11;66(3):271-8. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(91)90198-a.
An epidemiological study to examine the dose-response relationship for environmental cadmium exposure was performed in 1843 cadmium-exposed and 240 non-exposed inhabitants of the Kakehashi River basin in Ishikawa, Japan. The average cadmium concentration in rice from each village was employed as an indicator of cadmium exposure and the individuals were grouped according to the length of residence in the polluted area. Metallothioneinuria was used as an index of renal tubular dysfunction produced by the chronic exposure to cadmium. A dose-related increase in metallothioneinuria was observed. The chronic total cadmium intake resulting in metallothioneinuria in this population was calculated to be approximately 2 g for both men and women. The cumulative lifetime dose of 2 g cadmium over a 50-year period, means an average daily intake of 110 micrograms. Thus, these values may be regarded as the maximum allowable lifetime and daily intake limits, respectively for chronic dietary exposure to cadmium.
在日本石川县加贺川河流域，对1843名镉暴露居民和240名未暴露居民进行了一项流行病学研究，以检验环境镉暴露的剂量反应关系。每个村庄大米中的平均镉浓度被用作镉暴露指标，个体根据在污染地区的居住时长进行分组。金属硫蛋白尿被用作慢性镉暴露导致的肾小管功能障碍指标。观察到金属硫蛋白尿呈剂量相关增加。该人群中导致金属硫蛋白尿的慢性镉总摄入量经计算，男性和女性均约为2克。50年期间累积终生剂量2克镉，意味着平均每日摄入量为110微克。因此，这些数值可分别视为慢性膳食镉暴露的终生最大允许摄入量和每日最大允许摄入量限值。
