Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Equine Vet J. 2010 Jan;42(1):37-43. doi: 10.2746/042516409X474761.
Although clinical disorders of equine maxillary cheek teeth (CT) infundibula are common, anatomical knowledge of these structures is poor.
Anatomical examinations of sectioned CT infundibula will better define their shapes and sizes and allow identification of infundibular cemental variations and changes.
Cheek teeth were extracted post mortem from 33 horses, aged 3-30 years, without a clinical history of dental disease. The CT were sectioned longitudinally in the bucco-palatal plane through the widest aspects of both infundibula. The infundibular surfaces were then assessed morphologically, including by measurements of areas of cemental variations and changes. Specimens from selected teeth were examined histologically.
Infundibular length and infundibular surface area, and infundibular length as a proportion of dental crown length progressively decreased with age, e.g. infundibular length was up to 89 mm after eruption to 2 mm in one older horse. Triadan 06 and 09 positions had significantly shorter CT and therefore infundibula, than the other 4 Triadan positions. Only 11.7% of infundibula were filled completely with normal appearing cementum, 8.2% of infundibula (especially the 09 position) had complete cemental caries; 22.6% of infundibula had areas with cemental hypoplasia and the remaining 57.5% of infundibulae had a variety of other cemental appearances, including the presence of central defects, localised occlusal caries and cemental discolourations. Histology showed the presence of an apical blood supply to infundibular cement in younger horses.
Anatomical variations of CT infundibular cement are very common and some changes, such as areas of localised cemental hypoplasia, may predispose to the development of infundibular caries.
This more complete description and quantification of CT infundibular anatomy should allow more rational assessment and treatment of equine CT infundibular disorders.
尽管马上颌颊齿（CT）漏斗临床疾病很常见，但这些结构的解剖学知识却很差。
对 CT 漏斗进行解剖检查将更好地定义其形状和大小，并能识别漏斗状牙骨质的变化和改变。
从 33 匹年龄 3-30 岁、无牙科疾病临床病史的马死后提取 CT。CT 以颊腭平面从最宽的两个漏斗处进行纵向切片。然后对漏斗表面进行形态学评估，包括对牙骨质变化和改变的区域进行测量。从选定的牙齿标本进行组织学检查。
漏斗长度和漏斗表面面积以及漏斗长度作为牙冠长度的比例随年龄增长而逐渐减小，例如，在一头较老的马中，漏斗长度从萌出时的 89 毫米减少到 2 毫米。06 和 09 位的 Triadan 位置的 CT 和因此的漏斗长度明显短于其他 4 个 Triadan 位置。只有 11.7%的漏斗完全填充了正常的牙骨质，8.2%的漏斗（尤其是 09 位）完全发生牙骨质龋；22.6%的漏斗有牙骨质发育不全区域，其余 57.5%的漏斗有各种其他牙骨质外观，包括中央缺陷、局部咬合龋和牙骨质变色的存在。组织学显示，年轻马的漏斗状牙骨质有根尖血液供应。
CT 漏斗状牙骨质的解剖变异非常常见，一些变化，如局部牙骨质发育不全区域，可能导致漏斗状龋的发生。
对 CT 漏斗解剖结构的更完整描述和量化应允许更合理地评估和治疗马的 CT 漏斗状疾病。
