King A J, Brenner B M
Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Am J Physiol. 1991 Apr;260(4 Pt 2):R653-62. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1991.260.4.R653.
The endothelium is now recognized to transduce intravascular hemodynamic and chemical signals into appropriate changes in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) tone. The effector branch of this transduction is due, at least in part, to endothelial release of potent soluble vasoactive mediators. Two such mediators, endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and endothelin, have markedly different chemical composition and contrasting effects on VSM tone. EDRF, identified to be nitric oxide or a nitrosothiol, is a vasodilator, whereas endothelin, a 21-amino acid polypeptide, is the most potent vasoconstrictor yet described. Considerable evidence has been amassed to suggest that these molecules play an important role in the regulation of basal renal hemodynamics and in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure. The purpose of this editorial review is to examine the data supporting a role for the endothelium in the regulation of renal hemodynamics in normal and pathological states.
现在人们认识到，内皮细胞可将血管内的血流动力学和化学信号转化为血管平滑肌（VSM）张力的适当变化。这种转化的效应分支至少部分归因于内皮细胞释放强效可溶性血管活性介质。两种这样的介质，即内皮衍生舒张因子（EDRF）和内皮素，具有明显不同的化学组成，并且对VSM张力有相反的作用。已确定为一氧化氮或亚硝基硫醇的EDRF是一种血管舒张剂，而内皮素是一种21个氨基酸的多肽，是迄今为止描述的最强效的血管收缩剂。已有大量证据表明，这些分子在基础肾血流动力学调节和急性肾衰竭的发病机制中起重要作用。这篇社论综述的目的是研究支持内皮细胞在正常和病理状态下肾血流动力学调节中作用的数据。
