University of Burgundy, UPRES EA4183 Lipids and Cell Signaling, Faculty of Life Sciences, Dijon, France.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2010 Feb 9;10:7. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-10-7.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. GDM is a well known risk factor for foetal overgrowth, termed macrosomia which is influenced by maternal hypergycemia and endocrine status through placental circulation. The study was undertaken to investigate the implication of growth factors and their receptors in GDM and macrosomia, and to discuss the role of the materno-foeto-placental axis in the in-utero regulation of foetal growth.
30 women with GDM and their 30 macrosomic babies (4.75 +/- 0.15 kg), and 30 healthy age-matched pregnant women and their 30 newborns (3.50 +/- 0.10 kg) were recruited in the present study. Serum concentrations of GH and growth factors, i.e., IGF-I, IGF-BP3, FGF-2, EGF and PDGF-B were determined by ELISA. The expression of mRNA encoding for GH, IGF-I, IGF-BP3, FGF-2, PDGF-B and EGF, and their receptors, i.e., GHR, IGF-IR, FGF-2R, EGFR and PDGFR-beta were quantified by using RT-qPCR.
The serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-BP3, EGF, FGF-2 and PDGF-B were higher in GDM women and their macrosomic babies as compared to their respective controls. The placental mRNA expression of the growth factors was either upregulated (FGF-2 or PDGF-B) or remained unaltered (IGF-I and EGF) in the placenta of GDM women. The mRNA expression of three growth factor receptors, i.e., IGF-IR, EGFR and PDGFR-beta, was upregulated in the placenta of GDM women. Interestingly, serum concentrations of GH were downregulated in the GDM women and their macrosomic offspring. Besides, the expression of mRNAs encoding for GHR was higher, but that encoding for GH was lower, in the placenta of GDM women than control women.
Our results demonstrate that growth factors might be implicated in GDM and, in part, in the pathology of macrosomia via materno-foeto-placental axis.
妊娠糖尿病（GDM）是一种在怀孕期间发生的糖尿病。GDM 是胎儿过度生长（称为巨大儿）的已知危险因素，这一现象受到母体高血糖和通过胎盘循环的内分泌状态的影响。本研究旨在探讨生长因子及其受体在 GDM 和巨大儿中的作用，并讨论母胎胎盘轴在胎儿生长的宫内调节中的作用。
本研究纳入了 30 名 GDM 患者及其 30 名巨大儿婴儿（4.75±0.15kg），以及 30 名健康年龄匹配的孕妇及其 30 名新生儿（3.50±0.10kg）。通过 ELISA 测定血清中 GH 和生长因子（IGF-I、IGF-BP3、FGF-2、EGF 和 PDGF-B）的浓度。使用 RT-qPCR 定量测定编码 GH、IGF-I、IGF-BP3、FGF-2、PDGF-B 和 EGF 的 mRNA 表达及其受体（GHR、IGF-IR、FGF-2R、EGFR 和 PDGFR-beta）。
与各自的对照组相比，GDM 妇女及其巨大儿婴儿的血清 IGF-I、IGF-BP3、EGF、FGF-2 和 PDGF-B 浓度更高。GDM 妇女胎盘的生长因子 mRNA 表达上调（FGF-2 或 PDGF-B）或保持不变（IGF-I 和 EGF）。三种生长因子受体（IGF-IR、EGFR 和 PDGFR-beta）的 mRNA 表达在 GDM 妇女的胎盘上调。有趣的是，GDM 妇女及其巨大儿后代的血清 GH 浓度下调。此外，GDM 妇女胎盘的 GHR 编码 mRNA 表达较高，而 GH 编码 mRNA 表达较低。
我们的研究结果表明，生长因子可能与 GDM 有关，并通过母胎胎盘轴在一定程度上与巨大儿的发病机制有关。
