Nova Southeastern University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, Fla, USA.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Mar;125(3):569-74, 574.e1-574.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.060. Epub 2010 Feb 7.
Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis, asthma and venom hypersensitivity and has the potential of producing serious life-threatening anaphylaxis. Adverse reactions are generally classified into 2 categories: local reactions, which can manifest as redness, pruritus, and swelling at the injection site, and systemic reactions (SRs). SRs can range in severity from mild rhinitis to fatal cardiopulmonary arrest. Early administration of epinephrine, which is the treatment of choice to treat anaphylaxis, may prevent the progression of an SR to a more serious life-threatening problem. Although there is little debate about using epinephrine to treat a SCIT SR, there is a lack of consensus about when it should be first used. A uniform classification system for grading SCIT SRs will be helpful in assessing more accurately when epinephrine should be administered. The primary purpose of this article is to discuss the proposed grading system for SCIT SRs.
皮下变应原免疫治疗（SCIT）是治疗变应性鼻炎、哮喘和毒液过敏的有效方法，并有引发严重危及生命的过敏反应的潜力。不良反应一般分为 2 类：局部反应，可表现为注射部位发红、瘙痒和肿胀，以及全身反应（SRs）。SRs 的严重程度可从轻度鼻炎到致命性心肺骤停不等。早期使用肾上腺素是治疗过敏反应的首选方法，可防止 SR 进展为更严重的危及生命的问题。虽然使用肾上腺素治疗 SCIT SR 几乎没有争议，但何时首次使用肾上腺素缺乏共识。一个统一的 SCIT SR 分级分类系统将有助于更准确地评估何时应给予肾上腺素。本文的主要目的是讨论 SCIT SRs 的拟议分级系统。
