Food, Feed and Veterinary Public Health Programme, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Jun;24(4):1258-65. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.02.002. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
Gousiekte, which can be translated literally as "quick disease", is one of the six most important plant toxicoses that affect livestock in South Africa. It is a plant-induced cardiomyopathy of domestic ruminants characterised by the sudden death of animals within a period of 4-8weeks after the initial ingestion of the toxic plant. The main ultrastructural change in sheep hearts is degradation of myofibres. In this study, fluorescent probes were used to investigate subcellular changes induced by pavetamine, the toxic compound that causes gousiekte, in H9c2 cells. The sarcoplasmic reticula (SR) and mitochondria showed abnormalities that were not present in the control cells. The lysosomes of treated cells were more abundant and enlarged than those of the control cells. There was increased activity of cytosolic hexosaminidase and acid phosphatase, indicating increased lysosomal membrane permeability. Lysosomes play an important role in both necrosis and apoptosis. The degradation of the myofibres may be a consequence of the increased lysosomal membrane permeability. Pavetamine was also found to cause alterations in the organisation of F-actin. F-actin in the nucleus is a transcription regulator and can therefore influence protein synthesis. Actin filament organisation also regulates the cardiac L-type Ca(2+) channels. Fluorescent staining demonstrated that pavetamine may damage a number of organelles, all of which can influence the proper functioning of the heart.
古斯埃克蒂病，字面意思是“快速疾病”，是影响南非牲畜的六种最重要的植物中毒之一。它是一种由植物引起的家畜心肌病变，其特征是在最初摄入有毒植物后 4-8 周内动物突然死亡。绵羊心脏的主要超微结构变化是肌纤维降解。在这项研究中，使用荧光探针研究了导致古斯埃克蒂病的有毒化合物帕维胺在 H9c2 细胞中引起的亚细胞变化。肌浆网（SR）和线粒体显示出异常，而对照细胞中不存在这些异常。处理细胞的溶酶体比对照细胞更丰富且更大。细胞质己糖胺酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性增加，表明溶酶体膜通透性增加。溶酶体在坏死和凋亡中都起着重要作用。肌纤维的降解可能是溶酶体膜通透性增加的结果。还发现帕维胺会引起 F-肌动蛋白组织的改变。核内的 F-肌动蛋白是转录调节剂，因此可以影响蛋白质合成。肌动蛋白丝组织还调节心脏 L 型 Ca(2+)通道。荧光染色表明，帕维胺可能会损害许多细胞器，所有这些细胞器都可能影响心脏的正常功能。
