Hua Len, Doll Tracy
Pacific University College of Optometry, Forest Grove, Oregon 97116, USA.
Optometry. 2010 Feb;81(2):83-5. doi: 10.1016/j.optm.2009.05.008.
Most corneal abrasions are caused by mechanical injuries affecting the superficial epithelial layer. Although one of the functions of the eyelid is to protect the eye, its reaction time of about 425 msec is slower than many ocular insults; thus, corneal abrasions are among the most commonly occurring eye emergencies.
Three cases of corneal abrasions with different etiologies are presented. The first case was a large abrasion of the cornea near the visual axis caused by a wood chip. A metal foreign body with rust was lodged in the cornea from metal grinding in the second case. The third case was iatrongenically induced by an A-scan probe while a fellow student was measuring the axial length of the eye.
Corneal abrasions are one of the most common ocular conditions presented to eye clinics or emergency departments. Although there are different etiologies of abraded corneal epithelium, current clinical management for most corneal abrasions involves a bandage contact lens, use of topical antibiotics, and cycloplegics. Large and central corneal abrasions, however, warrant a consultation with a corneal specialist.
大多数角膜擦伤是由影响浅表上皮层的机械性损伤所致。尽管眼睑的功能之一是保护眼睛，但其约425毫秒的反应时间比许多眼部损伤要慢；因此，角膜擦伤是最常见的眼部急症之一。
本文介绍了3例病因不同的角膜擦伤病例。第一例是木屑导致视轴附近角膜大面积擦伤。第二例是金属磨削时一枚带锈的金属异物嵌入角膜。第三例是在一名同学测量眼轴长度时，A超探头医源性导致的角膜擦伤。
角膜擦伤是眼科诊所或急诊科最常见的眼部疾病之一。尽管角膜上皮擦伤的病因各异，但目前大多数角膜擦伤的临床处理包括使用绷带式隐形眼镜、局部使用抗生素和睫状肌麻痹剂。然而，大面积和位于中央的角膜擦伤需要咨询角膜专科医生。
