Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
Behav Res Methods. 2010 Feb;42(1):242-53. doi: 10.3758/BRM.42.1.242.
This article presents a new solution for measuring accurate reaction time (SMART) to visual stimuli. The SMART is a USB device realized with a Cypress Programmable System-on-Chip (PSoC) mixed-signal array programmable microcontroller. A brief overview of the hardware and firmware of the PSoC is provided, together with the results of three experiments. In Experiment 1, we investigated the timing accuracy of the SMART in measuring reaction time (RT) under different conditions of operating systems (OSs; Windows XP or Vista) and monitor displays (a CRT or an LCD). The results indicated that the timing error in measuring RT by the SMART was less than 2 msec, on average, under all combinations of OS and display and that the SMART was tolerant to jitter and noise. In Experiment 2, we tested the SMART with 8 participants. The results indicated that there was no significant difference among RTs obtained with the SMART under the different conditions of OS and display. In Experiment 3, we used Microsoft (MS) PowerPoint to present visual stimuli on the display. We found no significant difference in RTs obtained using MS DirectX technology versus using the PowerPoint file with the SMART. We are certain that the SMART is a simple and practical solution for measuring RTs accurately. Although there are some restrictions in using the SMART with RT paradigms, the SMART is capable of providing both researchers and health professionals working in clinical settings with new ways of using RT paradigms in their work.
本文提出了一种新的用于测量精确反应时间(SMART)的视觉刺激的解决方案。SMART 是一种使用赛普拉斯可编程系统芯片(PSoC)混合信号阵列可编程微控制器实现的 USB 设备。简要介绍了 PSoC 的硬件和固件,以及三个实验的结果。在实验 1 中,我们研究了 SMART 在不同操作系统(Windows XP 或 Vista)和显示器(CRT 或 LCD)条件下测量反应时间(RT)的计时精度。结果表明,在所有操作系统和显示组合下,SMART 测量 RT 的定时误差平均小于 2 毫秒,并且 SMART 能够容忍抖动和噪声。在实验 2 中,我们用 8 名参与者对 SMART 进行了测试。结果表明,在不同的操作系统和显示条件下,SMART 获得的 RT 之间没有显著差异。在实验 3 中,我们使用 Microsoft(MS)PowerPoint 在显示器上呈现视觉刺激。我们发现使用 MS DirectX 技术和使用 SMART 与 PowerPoint 文件获得的 RT 之间没有显著差异。我们确信 SMART 是一种准确测量 RT 的简单实用的解决方案。尽管在使用 SMART 与 RT 范式时存在一些限制,但 SMART 能够为研究人员和在临床环境中工作的健康专业人员提供在工作中使用 RT 范式的新方法。
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