Müssig E, Schenk A, Lux C J, Brunner M
Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Heidelberg.
Gesundheitswesen. 2010 Oct;72(10):714-21. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1231079. Epub 2010 Feb 17.
Parents of children with orofacial clefts take an active part in the rehabilitation of their children. Against this background, the aim of the present study was to determine the stress in parents of orthodontically treated children with and without orofacial clefts.
For assessing oral health-specific stress in orthodontic treatment, a questionnaire was developed (FMB). General parenting stress was assessed by the Parenting Stress Index (PSI)-German Short Form. Parents of 54 orthodontically treated children with an orofacial cleft were included in the study. Parents of 44 healthy children served as controls. The questions of the FMB were generated on the basis of clinical practice and were factor analysed. The reliability was calculated and compared with the PSI for validation.
The FMB questionnaire presented four factors regarding personal stress, stress within family life, temporal stress and financial stress. The inner consistency of each factor reached satisfactory results with a value of 0.7. Moreover, oral health-specific stress was significantly higher in parents of children with clefts compared to children without clefts. There was no difference in general parenting stress between the two groups. Moreover, both groups showed significant correlations between oral health-specific stress and general parenting stress.
Oral health-specific stress of children with orofacial clefts could be a hint on general parenting stress. Regarding parents in such stressful situations, the orthodontist should be trained in psychological counselling and should be able to cooperate with a clinical psychologist.
患有口面部裂隙的儿童的父母积极参与其子女的康复过程。在此背景下，本研究的目的是确定接受正畸治疗的有或无口面部裂隙儿童的父母的压力状况。
为评估正畸治疗中特定于口腔健康的压力，编制了一份问卷（FMB）。通过育儿压力指数（PSI）德文简表评估一般育儿压力。本研究纳入了54名接受正畸治疗的口面部裂隙儿童的父母。44名健康儿童的父母作为对照。FMB问卷的问题基于临床实践生成并进行了因子分析。计算了可靠性，并与PSI进行比较以进行验证。
FMB问卷呈现出关于个人压力、家庭生活压力、时间压力和经济压力的四个因子。每个因子的内部一致性达到令人满意的结果，值为0.7。此外，与无裂隙儿童的父母相比，有裂隙儿童的父母的口腔健康特定压力显著更高。两组之间的一般育儿压力没有差异。此外，两组在口腔健康特定压力和一般育儿压力之间均显示出显著相关性。
口面部裂隙儿童的口腔健康特定压力可能是一般育儿压力的一个提示。对于处于这种压力情境下的父母，正畸医生应接受心理咨询培训，并应能够与临床心理学家合作。
