Agarwal Siddharth, Srivastava Aradhana
Urban Health Resource Centre, B-7/122 A, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi, Inida.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2009;20(4 Suppl):68-89. doi: 10.1353/hpu.0.0232.
Children of the urban poor in India suffer a much poorer health status than the urban non-poor, influenced to a large extent by social determinants. In this paper, National Family Health Survey-3 (2005-06) data were analyzed to assess the health status of urban poor children vis-à-vis the non-poor, and to identify the social determinants precipitating disparities. The analysis shows sharp disparity between child health indicators between urban poor and non-poor. Key findings include under-five mortality per thousand (urban poor 72.7 and non-poor 41.8) and children under-five underweight for age (urban poor 47% and non-poor 26.2%). Significant demographic and social correlates of child health in urban areas included poverty, gender, caste status, religion, mother's educational attainment, occupational status of parents, and women's autonomy in the household. They influenced different facets of child health, such as nutritional status and access to immunization.
印度城市贫困人口的子女健康状况比城市非贫困人口差得多，这在很大程度上受到社会决定因素的影响。本文分析了第三次全国家庭健康调查（2005 - 2006年）的数据，以评估城市贫困儿童与非贫困儿童的健康状况，并确定导致差异的社会决定因素。分析表明，城市贫困儿童与非贫困儿童的健康指标存在显著差异。主要发现包括每千名五岁以下儿童死亡率（城市贫困人口为72.7，非贫困人口为41.8）以及五岁以下儿童年龄别体重不足率（城市贫困人口为47%，非贫困人口为26.2%）。城市地区儿童健康的重要人口统计学和社会相关因素包括贫困、性别、种姓地位、宗教、母亲的教育程度、父母的职业地位以及妇女在家庭中的自主权。它们影响着儿童健康的不同方面，如营养状况和免疫接种机会。
