Department of Plastic Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
J Reconstr Microsurg. 2010 May;26(4):219-23. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1248229. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
Free autologous tissue transfer has been used in mastectomized patients for high-quality reconstruction. Since the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap was developed, it has been considered preferable owing to reduced donor site morbidity. At our institution, anastomosis of internal mammary vessels has been top priority because of better positioning and shorter pedicle length. We publish our experiences with various technical modifications that assure internal mammary vessel anastomosis. From 2003 to 2008, 35 patients received free deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for breast reconstruction by anastomosis with internal mammary vessels. Twenty-nine reconstructions were done immediately upon mastectomy whereas six were delayed. The patterns of anastomosis between the flap pedicle and internal mammary vessel were categorized and the results were followed by flap survival and complications. These deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps were all supplied by a single pedicle artery. Twenty-five of them were drained by a single pedicle vein, and the venous anastomosis pattern was end to end to the single internal mammary vein (IMV) (type I, N = 25). However, the other nine flaps were drained by one pedicle vein anastomosed end to end to double IMV (type II, N = 2), end to end to both proximal and distal ends of single IMV (type III, N = 5), end to end and end to side to single IMV (type IV, N = 2), and end to end to single IMV without anastomosing the other (type V, N = 1). All flaps were successful, except in one patient with type I anastomosis who received vascular reexploration due to pedicle twisting. Another patient with type I anastomosis needed revision due to partial fat necrosis of the flap. No other complications were found. Various modifications of internal mammary vessel anastomosis can be used to ensure the safety of deep inferior epigastric perforator flap in breast reconstruction.
游离自体组织移植已应用于乳房切除术后的患者,以实现高质量的重建。自从开发出腹壁下深动脉穿支皮瓣以来,由于供区并发症减少,它被认为是更好的选择。在我们的机构中,内乳血管吻合术一直是重中之重,因为这样可以更好地定位和缩短蒂的长度。我们公布了各种技术修改的经验,这些修改确保了内乳血管吻合术的安全。从 2003 年到 2008 年,35 名患者接受了游离腹壁下深动脉穿支皮瓣进行乳房重建,这些皮瓣通过与内乳血管吻合。29 例重建是在乳房切除术后立即进行的,而 6 例是延迟的。我们对皮瓣蒂和内乳血管之间的吻合模式进行了分类,并随访了皮瓣的存活和并发症。这些腹壁下深动脉穿支皮瓣均由单一蒂动脉供应。其中 25 例由单一蒂静脉引流,静脉吻合模式为端对端到单一内乳静脉(IMV)(I 型,N=25)。然而,其他 9 例皮瓣由一条蒂静脉吻合端对端到双内乳静脉(II 型,N=2)、端对端到单条内乳静脉的近端和远端(III 型,N=5)、端对端和端对侧到单条内乳静脉(IV 型,N=2),以及端对端到单条内乳静脉而不吻合另一条(V 型,N=1)。所有皮瓣均成功,除了一例 I 型吻合患者因蒂扭转而接受血管再探查外。另一例 I 型吻合患者因皮瓣部分脂肪坏死需要修复。没有发现其他并发症。内乳血管吻合术的各种修改可以用来确保乳房重建中腹壁下深动脉穿支皮瓣的安全性。