Division of Farm Animal Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, United Kingdom.
J Dairy Sci. 2010 Mar;93(3):932-41. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-2309.
Visits were made to 205 dairy farms in England and Wales between October 2006 and May 2007 by 1 or more of 4 researchers. At each visit, all milking cows were locomotion scored (lameness scored) using a 4-point scale (0=sound locomotion, 1=imperfect locomotion, 2=lame, 3=severely lame). The mean prevalence of lameness (scores 2 and 3) across the study farms was 36.8% (range=0-79.2%). On each farm, the presence within the housing and grazing environments of commonly reported risks for increased lameness was recorded. Each farmer was interviewed to gauge the ability of the farm staff to detect and treat lameness. A multivariable linear regression model was fitted. Risk factors for increased lameness were the presence of damaged concrete in yards, cows pushing each other or turning sharply near the parlor entrance or exit, cattle grazing pasture also grazed by sheep, the use of automatic scrapers, not treating lame cows within 48h of detection, and cows being housed for 61 d or longer at the time they were locomotion scored by the visiting researcher. Having a herd consisting entirely of a breed or breeds other than Holstein-Friesian was associated with a reduction in lameness prevalence compared with having a herd consisting entirely of Holstein-Friesians.
2006 年 10 月至 2007 年 5 月期间，4 名研究人员中的 1 名或多名研究人员对英格兰和威尔士的 205 个奶牛场进行了访问。每次访问时，所有泌乳奶牛均使用 4 分制（0=正常运动，1=运动缺陷，2=跛行，3=严重跛行）进行运动评分（跛行评分）。研究农场中跛行的平均流行率（评分为 2 和 3）为 36.8%（范围为 0-79.2%）。在每个农场，记录了畜舍和放牧环境中常见的增加跛行风险因素。对每位农民进行了访谈，以评估农场工作人员发现和治疗跛行的能力。建立了多变量线性回归模型。增加跛行的风险因素包括院子里的混凝土受损，奶牛在挤奶厅入口或出口附近互相推挤或急转弯，奶牛在放牧的草地上还放牧了绵羊，使用自动刮粪器，在发现跛行牛后的 48 小时内未对其进行治疗，以及在研究人员进行运动评分时，奶牛已经被关在畜舍中 61 天或更长时间。与完全由荷斯坦弗里森牛或其他品种组成的牛群相比，完全由其他品种组成的牛群的跛行患病率较低。
