Briand François
Physiogenex SAS, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31682 Labège Innopole Cedex, France.
Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 Mar;11(3):289-97.
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is the process by which cholesterol is effluxed from peripheral tissues by HDL and returned to the liver for excretion into bile and, ultimately, into feces. Promoting cholesterol efflux from vessel wall macrophages is thought to protect against atherosclerosis and, therefore, RCT represents an attractive therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Although most studies of RCT are conducted in mice, this species does not express cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which transfers cholesteryl ester from HDL to VLDL/LDL for further uptake by the liver. Given this pathway is the major route of RCT in humans, a CETP-expressing species, such as hamsters, represents a convenient preclinical model for investigating novel therapies for the treatment of dyslipidemia in humans.
逆向胆固醇转运（RCT）是指胆固醇通过高密度脂蛋白（HDL）从外周组织流出并返回肝脏，经胆汁最终排泄至粪便的过程。促进血管壁巨噬细胞中的胆固醇流出被认为可预防动脉粥样硬化，因此，逆向胆固醇转运是心血管疾病颇具吸引力的治疗靶点。尽管大多数逆向胆固醇转运研究是在小鼠中进行的，但该物种不表达胆固醇酯转运蛋白（CETP），而胆固醇酯转运蛋白可将胆固醇酯从高密度脂蛋白转移至极低密度脂蛋白/低密度脂蛋白，以供肝脏进一步摄取。鉴于此途径是人类逆向胆固醇转运的主要途径，表达胆固醇酯转运蛋白的物种，如仓鼠，是研究治疗人类血脂异常新疗法的便捷临床前模型。
