National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA), P. O. Box 11-115, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Water Sci Technol. 2010;61(4):1019-26. doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.965.
New Zealand has over 1000 anaerobic waste stabilisation ponds treating wastewater from farms and industry. Traditional anaerobic ponds were not designed to optimise anaerobic digestion to produce biogas and are therefore uncovered, releasing biogas to the atmosphere, which can cause odour problems and contributes to GHG emissions. The biogas production and treatment performance of an anaerobic piggery pond retrofitted with a perimeter cover working under field conditions was monitored over a 14 month period. The cover design proved successful in capturing biogas, mitigating odour and GHG issues and coping with New Zealand weather conditions. High solids removal rates (73% and 86% for TS and VS respectively) were achieved. An annual average biogas methane production rate of 0.263 m(3) CH(4)/kgVS(added) was observed, which is similar to gas production rates of mesophilic farm waste digesters, and indicates that the prolonged hydraulic and solids retention times of covered anaerobic ponds can fully compensate for lower operating temperatures. These results suggest that covered anaerobic ponds treating agricultural wastes in New Zealand have great potential to reduce odour and GHG emissions and recover renewable energy, while producing an easy to handle effluent for land irrigation or further treatment.
新西兰拥有超过 1000 个厌氧废水稳定塘，用于处理农场和工业废水。传统的厌氧塘并非为优化厌氧消化以产生沼气而设计，因此是露天的，将沼气释放到大气中，这会导致气味问题，并导致温室气体排放。在野外条件下，对一个经过周边覆盖改造的养猪场厌氧塘进行了 14 个月的沼气生产和处理性能监测。覆盖设计成功地捕获了沼气，减轻了气味和温室气体问题，并适应了新西兰的天气条件。实现了高固体去除率（TS 和 VS 分别为 73%和 86%）。观察到的年平均沼气甲烷产率为 0.263m(3) CH(4)/kgVS(添加)，与中温农场废物消化器的产气量相似，这表明覆盖的厌氧塘的延长水力停留时间和固体停留时间可以完全补偿较低的操作温度。这些结果表明，在新西兰，处理农业废物的覆盖式厌氧塘具有很大的潜力，可以减少气味和温室气体排放，并回收可再生能源，同时产生易于处理的灌溉用水或进一步处理的废水。
