Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2010 Apr;53(4):425-34. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20802.
There is little research which examines disability status and the employment decisions of the US immigrant working-age population.
The 2007 American Community Survey data were analyzed to compare disabilities and employment characteristics between immigrant and US-born adults 18-64 years of age. Separate logistic regression models of employment were constructed among persons with disabilities and among persons without disabilities. Each multivariate model included nativity/citizenship, sex, race/ethnicity, age, and education.
In 2007, 40.8% (95% CI: 39.9-41.7) of immigrants with disabilities were employed, while only 34.9% (95% CI: 34.6-35.2) of US-born persons with disabilities were employed. For each type of disability, including difficulty working, immigrants with disabilities were more likely than their US-born counterparts to be employed. The median wage/salary incomes for persons with disabilities, foreign-born and US-born, respectively, were $20,000 and $22,000. In contrast, the median wage/salary incomes of foreign-born persons with mental impairments, self-care limitations, or participation restrictions exceeded those of US-born persons with these same disabilities. Nativity and citizenship had different effects in separate logistic models of employment for persons with disabilities and persons without disabilities. Among persons with disabilities, foreign-born citizens were more likely to be employed than the US-born, OR = 1.40 (95% CI: 1.33-1.48), and non-citizens were also more likely to be employed, OR = 1.74 (95% CI: 1.62-1.87), than US-born persons. Among persons without disabilities, foreign-born non-citizens were less likely to be employed than the US-born, OR = 0.82 (95% CI: 0.82-0.85).
Immigrants with disabilities were more frequently employed than US-born persons with disabilities for all types of disabilities.
针对美国移民劳动年龄人口的残疾状况和就业决策，相关研究甚少。
分析 2007 年美国社区调查数据，比较 18-64 岁移民和美国本土成年人的残疾和就业特征。在残疾人和非残疾人中分别构建就业的多变量逻辑回归模型。每个多变量模型都包括原籍国/公民身份、性别、种族/族裔、年龄和教育程度。
2007 年，40.8%（95%CI：39.9-41.7）的残疾移民就业，而只有 34.9%（95%CI：34.6-35.2）的美国本土残疾人士就业。对于每一种残疾类型，包括工作困难，残疾移民比他们的美国本土同行更有可能就业。残疾人士、外国出生和美国本土出生的中位数工资/薪水收入分别为 20000 美元和 22000 美元。相比之下，外国出生的精神障碍、自我照顾受限或参与受限人士的中位数工资/薪水收入超过了具有相同残疾的美国本土出生人士。在残疾人和非残疾人就业的单独逻辑模型中，原籍国和公民身份的影响不同。在残疾人士中，外国出生的公民比美国本土出生的人更有可能就业，OR=1.40（95%CI：1.33-1.48），非公民也更有可能就业，OR=1.74（95%CI：1.62-1.87），而非美国本土出生的人。在非残疾人中，外国出生的非公民比美国本土出生的人就业可能性更小，OR=0.82（95%CI：0.82-0.85）。
所有类型的残疾中，残疾移民比美国本土残疾人士更频繁地就业。
