Wang Shi-liang, Wang Zhi-gang, Wang Ping, Lin Chun-ye, Quan Xiang-chun, He Meng-chang, Yang Zhi-feng
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2009 Dec;30(12):3494-501.
The Daliaohe river system in China has been seriously affected by long-term intensive industrial, urban and agricultural activities. The objective of this study was to determine the total phosphorus (TP) content and forms of phosphate in the sediments and investigate geochemical relationships between P forms and mineral matrix elements and P bioavailability. Four sediment profiles were taken in the Daliaohe river systems. TP content in the sediment was measured by ICP-OES and chemical forms of phosphate were measured by sequential selective extraction method. Results indicated that TP ranged from 323 to 2619 mg x kg(-1). In the sediments except 25-47 cm depth of sediment profile in the Hun river, the content of Ca bound P (Ca-P) was the highest, with more than 40% of TP. The contents of Fe bound P (Fe-P) and residual P (RES-P) were 15% to 25% of TP, while the contents of reductant soluble P (RS-P) and Al bound P (Al-P) were generally 5% to 10% of TP. However, the content of soluble and loosely bound P (S/L-P) was only less than 0.5% of TP. Huge accumulation of P in the 25-47 cm depth of the sediment profile in the Hun river led to a bigger increase in the contents of Fe-P and Al-P than Ca-P, where Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P contents were 6.2%-23.4%, 19.6%-34.1% and 14.6%-35.6% of TP, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that sum of Fe-P and RS-P, Ca-P, and RES-P were positively correlated to Fe, Ca, and sediment organic matter (SOM) contents, respectively in the sediments except the 25-47 cm depth of sediment profile in the Hun river. In addition, TP content was positively correlated to Fe and SOM contents. The molar ratios of Fe to TP generally ranged from 20.9 to 33.9, indicating that most of sediments have capability to further retain P. Potential bioavailable P (BAP) including S/L-P, Al-P and Fe-P in the sediments was 85.43 to 1830.5 mg x kg(-1), and this part of phosphorus might pose a potential risk to the eutrophication of the Daliaohe river system and its estuary.
中国的辽河水系长期受到密集的工业、城市和农业活动的严重影响。本研究的目的是确定沉积物中总磷（TP）含量和磷酸盐形态，并研究磷形态与矿物基质元素之间的地球化学关系以及磷的生物有效性。在辽河水系采集了四个沉积物剖面。沉积物中的TP含量通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP - OES）测定，磷酸盐的化学形态通过连续选择性提取法测定。结果表明，TP含量范围为323至2619 mg x kg(-1)。在除浑河沉积物剖面25 - 47 cm深度外的沉积物中，钙结合磷（Ca - P）含量最高，占TP的40%以上。铁结合磷（Fe - P）和残留磷（RES - P）的含量占TP的15%至25%，而还原态可溶性磷（RS - P）和铝结合磷（Al - P）的含量通常占TP的5%至10%。然而，可溶性和松散结合磷（S/L - P）的含量仅占TP的不到0.5%。浑河沉积物剖面25 - 47 cm深度处磷的大量积累导致Fe - P和Al - P含量的增加幅度大于Ca - P，其中Al - P、Fe - P和Ca - P含量分别占TP的6.2% - 23.4%、19.6% - 34.1%和14.6% - 35.6%。相关性分析表明，在除浑河沉积物剖面25 - 47 cm深度外的沉积物中，Fe - P与RS - P之和、Ca - P以及RES - P分别与铁、钙和沉积物有机质（SOM）含量呈正相关。此外，TP含量与铁和SOM含量呈正相关。铁与TP的摩尔比一般在20.9至33.9之间，表明大多数沉积物有进一步固定磷的能力。沉积物中潜在生物可利用磷（BAP）包括S/L - P、Al - P和Fe - P，含量为85.43至1830.5 mg x kg(-1)，这部分磷可能对辽河水系及其河口的富营养化构成潜在风险。
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