Gülke Joachim, Wachter Nikolaus J, Geyer Thomas, Schöll Hendrik, Apic Goran, Mentzel Martin
Clinic of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
J Hand Surg Am. 2010 May;35(5):797-806. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.12.031. Epub 2010 Mar 1.
To determine whether the grip of a healthy subject's hand shows certain universal characteristics. To accomplish this, we examined the complex interactions of the fingers during gripping of different-size cylindrical objects.
A total of 48 subjects (11 women, 37 men) performed 5 cylinder grips with different object sizes. The 14 joint angular profiles of the 5 digits were measured dynamically with a Technische Universität Berlin sensor glove.
Frequently, initial movement was detected before the actual grip. This movement consisted of passive flexion of the fingers the moment the hand rose from the table, followed by active extension of the fingers before gripping the object. Along with the type of joint, the size of the object gripped influenced the frequency of these initial movements (p<.001). During actual grip, the proximal interphalangeal joints' flexion was significantly greater than the flexion of the metacarpophalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints (p<.001). The mean flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joints was 43 degrees , that of the metacarpophalangeal joints was 28 degrees , and that of the distal interphalangeal joints was 26 degrees. Apart from these findings, the larger the flexion angle was, the more time tended to be needed to fulfil the motion.
The results show that there is a universal motion pattern with the cylinder grip in healthy individuals concerning the range of movement of the finger joints. However, to fully understand the cylinder grip in healthy individuals, our next step will be to analyze the dynamics of the cylinder grip as well. For that purpose, we examine the dynamic interactions between the fingers--that is, their chronological sequence during the cylinder grip.
确定健康受试者手部抓握是否呈现某些普遍特征。为实现这一目的，我们研究了抓握不同尺寸圆柱形物体时手指间的复杂相互作用。
共有48名受试者（11名女性，37名男性）对不同尺寸的圆柱体进行5次抓握。使用柏林工业大学的传感器手套动态测量5根手指的14个关节角度轮廓。
通常，在实际抓握之前就能检测到初始动作。该动作包括手从桌面抬起时手指的被动屈曲，随后在抓握物体之前手指的主动伸展。除关节类型外，所抓握物体的大小也会影响这些初始动作的频率（p<0.001）。在实际抓握过程中，近端指间关节的屈曲明显大于掌指关节和远端指间关节的屈曲（p<0.001）。近端指间关节的平均屈曲角度为43度，掌指关节为28度，远端指间关节为26度。除这些发现外，屈曲角度越大，完成该动作所需的时间往往越长。
结果表明，健康个体在抓握圆柱体时，手指关节的运动范围存在一种普遍的运动模式。然而，为了全面了解健康个体的圆柱体抓握情况，我们的下一步将是分析圆柱体抓握的动力学。为此，我们将研究手指间的动态相互作用——即抓握圆柱体时它们的时间顺序。
