Division of Oncology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Cancer Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2010 Mar;7(3):174-7. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.235.
Defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) occurs in approximately 15% of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs). Multiple retrospective studies have shown that patients with MMR-deficient CRCs have a more favorable stage-adjusted prognosis compared with those who have MMR-proficient tumors. Evidence also indicates that patients with MMR-deficient colon cancers do not benefit from treatment with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Furthermore, recent studies, including a pooled analysis, have validated the prognostic and predictive impact of MMR status in patients with stage II and III colon cancer who were treated in adjuvant chemotherapy trials. Given these data, it can be recommended that MMR status be determined and used to inform clinical decision-making for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colon cancer.
错配修复（MMR）缺陷发生于约 15%的散发性结直肠癌（CRC）中。多项回顾性研究表明，与 MMR 功能正常的肿瘤相比，MMR 缺陷型 CRC 患者的调整后分期预后更好。有证据还表明，MMR 缺陷型结肠癌患者不能从辅助 5-氟尿嘧啶化疗中获益。此外，最近的研究，包括一项汇总分析，已经验证了 MMR 状态在辅助化疗试验中治疗的 II 期和 III 期结肠癌患者中的预后和预测影响。鉴于这些数据，可以建议确定 MMR 状态，并用于告知 II 期结肠癌患者辅助化疗的临床决策。
