Institute of Work Health & Organisations, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Psychol Health. 2011 Sep;26(9):1128-42. doi: 10.1080/08870440903427365. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
The present study used a within-participants design to (a) assess the predictive validity of prototype identification versus intention for adolescents' health behaviours and (b) examine whether control of health behaviour by intention relative to identification is associated with key individual difference variables. Participants were school children (N = 136) who completed measures of intention, perceived behavioural control and prototype identification for 14 health-related behaviours at Time 1, and reported their behaviour 2 weeks later (Time 2). A hierarchical regression showed that prototype identification and intention exhibited similar predictive validity in the prediction of adolescents' health behaviour. Importantly, identification contributed an additional 6% to the variance in behaviour, after controlling for intention and perceived behavioural control from the theory of planned behaviour [TPB: Ajzen, I. ( 1991 ). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.]. Additional analyses showed that greater social comparison tendencies, lower agreeableness, greater intellect and less emotional stability were all related to greater control of behaviour by prototype identification. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
本研究采用被试内设计（a）评估原型识别相对于青少年健康行为的意图对健康行为的预测效度，（b）检验意图相对于识别对健康行为的控制是否与关键个体差异变量有关。参与者为在校儿童（N=136），他们在第 1 次（Time1）完成了对 14 种与健康相关行为的意图、感知行为控制和原型识别的测量，两周后（Time2）报告了他们的行为。分层回归显示，原型识别和意图在预测青少年健康行为方面具有相似的预测效度。重要的是，在控制了计划行为理论（TPB：Ajzen，I.（1991）。计划行为理论。组织行为与人类决策过程，50，179-211）中的意图和感知行为控制后，识别对行为的变异增加了 6%。进一步的分析表明，更大的社会比较倾向、较低的宜人性、较高的智力和较低的情绪稳定性都与通过原型识别对行为的更好控制有关。讨论了这些发现的理论和实践意义。
