Cikmaz Selman, Kutoglu Tunc, Kanter Mehmet, Mesut Recep
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2010 Mar;26(2):113-9. doi: 10.1177/0748233710362384.
It is well known that formaldehyde (FA) is cytotoxic and potentially carcinogenic. Although the individual effects of this reactant on cells has been investigated, the cytotoxicity exerted by the coexistence of FA is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FA on the liver in rats, by light and electron microscopic level. We used 18 Wistar albino rats divided into three groups, exposed to 0 (control), 19.7 ppm FA gas for a total of 4 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days a week (subacute) and 20.3 parts per million (ppm) FA gas for a total of 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days a week (subchronic). After the completion of the exposure period, they were sacrificed by decapitation and their liver tissue samples were taken in order to be processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Light microscopic evaluation of liver tissue samples of FA-exposed rats revealed enlarged sinusoids filled with blood and mononuclear cell infiltration in the portal areas and around the central veins. In addition, some of the hepatocytes showed loss of cytoplasm, and some had a hyperchromatic nucleus. The cells of FA-exposed livers, on the other hand, showed an electron-lucent ground-cytoplasm and a hypertrophy of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. In conclusion, we observed that exposure FA caused diverse histopathological changes indicating the destruction in the liver tissue and this destruction has direct relationship with the length of the exposure period.
众所周知，甲醛（FA）具有细胞毒性且有潜在致癌性。尽管已经对这种反应物对细胞的个体影响进行了研究，但对于FA共存时所产生的细胞毒性却知之甚少。本研究的目的是通过光镜和电镜水平研究FA对大鼠肝脏的影响。我们使用了18只Wistar白化大鼠，将其分为三组，分别暴露于0（对照组）、19.7 ppm的FA气体中，每天8小时，每周5天，共4周（亚急性），以及20.3 ppm的FA气体中，每天8小时，每周5天，共13周（亚慢性）。暴露期结束后，将大鼠断头处死，并取其肝脏组织样本，以便进行光镜和电镜研究。对暴露于FA的大鼠肝脏组织样本进行光镜评估发现，肝血窦扩张，充满血液，门管区和中央静脉周围有单核细胞浸润。此外，一些肝细胞出现细胞质丢失，部分肝细胞细胞核染色质增多。另一方面，暴露于FA的肝脏细胞显示出电子透明的细胞质基质和平滑面内质网肥大。总之，我们观察到暴露于FA会导致多种组织病理学变化，表明肝脏组织受到破坏，且这种破坏与暴露期的长短直接相关。
