Kostrzewski Andrzej J, Dhillon Soraya, Goodsman Danë, Taylor Kevin M G
Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Pharmacy Department, Guy's Hospital, London.
Int J Pharm Pract. 2009 Apr;17(2):107-13.
The aim of this study was to undertake an in-depth investigation of the influence of continuing professional development (CPD) portfolios on pharmacy practice in the hospital setting. The objectives were to explore the views of pharmacists regarding the contribution of CPD records to professional practice and examine the influence of time and experience on pharmacists' views of recording professional practice.
A qualitative design was used to explore the views of pharmacists over 12 months. Pharmacists were stratified according to years of practice in the UK National Health Service (NHS). The methods used involved semi-structured in-depth face-to-face interviews. The interviews were undertaken at three time points. The pharmacists were gathered into three focus groups to test the consistency of the interviews. A purposive sampling method used nine NHS Teaching and Non-Teaching hospital pharmacists in the London area.
The participants included four males and five females, who had been qualified for between 0.1 and 21 years. Three key themes emerged for how CPD records contribute to practice: (1) lack of contribution to practice, (2) tacit contribution and (3) mentality. Overall, the recording process made little if any change in professional practice. The more experienced participants were less likely to be able to explain any changes in practice and there were no consistent changes in the views expressed over time.
The contribution of CPD recording to enhancing practice in hospital pharmacists was difficult to demonstrate. This study has also illustrated the power relationships involving control mechanisms used by the NHS, and the UK pharmacists' regulatory body, which are discussed in the context of the Panopticon model of self-regulated behaviour. Further research is needed to establish the value of CPD recording.
本研究旨在深入调查持续专业发展（CPD）档案对医院环境中药房实践的影响。目标是探讨药剂师对CPD记录对专业实践贡献的看法，并研究时间和经验对药剂师记录专业实践观点的影响。
采用定性设计，在12个月内探讨药剂师的观点。药剂师根据在英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）的执业年限进行分层。所使用的方法包括半结构化深度面对面访谈。访谈在三个时间点进行。药剂师被分成三个焦点小组以检验访谈的一致性。采用目的抽样法，选取了伦敦地区9名NHS教学医院和非教学医院的药剂师。
参与者包括4名男性和5名女性，他们获得资格的时间在0.1年至21年之间。关于CPD记录如何促进实践出现了三个关键主题：（1）对实践缺乏贡献，（2）隐性贡献和（3）心态。总体而言，记录过程对专业实践几乎没有产生任何改变。经验更丰富的参与者不太能够解释实践中的任何变化，并且随着时间的推移，所表达的观点也没有一致的变化。
CPD记录对提高医院药剂师实践水平的贡献难以证明。本研究还阐述了涉及NHS和英国药剂师监管机构所使用控制机制的权力关系，这些关系在自我调节行为的全景敞视模型背景下进行了讨论。需要进一步研究以确定CPD记录的价值。
