Hematology-Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
Signal Transduction Divisions, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
J Biol Chem. 2010 May 14;285(20):14980-14989. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.085696. Epub 2010 Mar 15.
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p110 catalytic subunits are activated upon Src homology 2 domain-mediated binding of their p85 regulatory subunits to tyrosine-phosphorylated pYXXM motifs in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) or adaptor proteins. The PI3K pathway is activated by phosphate and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss in most prostate cancers (PCa), but the contribution of upstream RTKs that may be targeted therapeutically has not been assessed. Immunoblotting of p85-associated proteins in serum-starved PTEN-deficient LNCaP and C4-2 PCa cells showed a small set of discrete tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, but these proteins were not recognized by an anti-pYXXM motif antibody and were not found in PTEN-deficient PC3 PCa cells. LC/MS/MS using label-free proteomics and immunoblotting showed that p85 was associated primarily with p110beta and p110delta. An interaction with ErbB3 was also detected but was independent of ErbB3 tyrosine phosphorylation and was not required for basal PI3K activity. Basal tyrosine phosphorylation of p110beta and p110delta could be blocked by c-Src inhibitors, but this did not suppress PI3K activity, which was similarly independent of Ras. Basal PI3K activity was mediated by p110beta in PC3 cells and by both p110beta and p110delta in LNCaP cells, whereas p110alpha was required for PI3K activation in response to RTK stimulation by heregulin-beta1. These findings show that basal PI3K activity in PTEN-deficient PCa cells is RTK-independent and can be mediated by p110beta and p110delta. Increased p110beta expression in PCa may be required for RTK-independent PI3K pathway activation in adult prostate epithelium with genetic or epigenetic PTEN down-regulation.
IA 类磷酸肌醇 3-激酶 (PI3K) p110 催化亚基在其 p85 调节亚基通过Src 同源 2 结构域与受体酪氨酸激酶 (RTKs) 或衔接蛋白中的酪氨酸磷酸化 pYXXM 基序结合而被激活。PI3K 途径在大多数前列腺癌 (PCa) 中由于磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物 (PTEN) 的缺失而被激活,但尚未评估可能作为治疗靶点的上游 RTKs 的贡献。在血清饥饿的 PTEN 缺陷型 LNCaP 和 C4-2 PCa 细胞中,用 p85 相关蛋白的免疫印迹法显示了一小部分离散的酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白,但这些蛋白不被抗 pYXXM 基序抗体识别,并且在 PTEN 缺陷型 PC3 PCa 细胞中也没有发现。使用无标记蛋白质组学和免疫印迹法的 LC/MS/MS 显示,p85 主要与 p110beta 和 p110delta 相关。还检测到与 ErbB3 的相互作用,但与 ErbB3 酪氨酸磷酸化无关,并且不是基础 PI3K 活性所必需的。c-Src 抑制剂可以阻断 p110beta 和 p110delta 的基础酪氨酸磷酸化,但这不能抑制 PI3K 活性,该活性也独立于 Ras。PC3 细胞中的基础 PI3K 活性由 p110beta 介导,LNCaP 细胞中的基础 PI3K 活性由 p110beta 和 p110delta 共同介导,而 p110alpha 则需要对由 heregulin-beta1 刺激的 RTK 作出反应来激活 PI3K。这些发现表明,PTEN 缺陷型 PCa 细胞中的基础 PI3K 活性是 RTK 非依赖性的,可以由 p110beta 和 p110delta 介导。在具有遗传或表观遗传 PTEN 下调的成年前列腺上皮细胞中,PI3K 途径的 RTK 非依赖性激活可能需要增加 p110beta 的表达。