Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, C/Argentina s/n, 30720 San Javier (Murcia), Spain.
J Sch Health. 2010 Feb;80(2):88-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00470.x.
While the importance of individual and school factors as correlates of overall youth physical activity has been demonstrated by previous research, less is known about the relationship of these factors with specific patterns of physical activity during adolescence. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the association of selected individual and school factors with patterns of physical activity based on a sum index of physical activity in a population-based sample of Spanish adolescents.
One thousand and eighty-four students aged 12 to 17 years completed a self-report survey once during school hours. In addition to participation in physical activity outside of school hours, the following variables were included in the analysis: gender, age, weight status, physical self-perceptions, evaluation of the school physical education experience, and type of school (public vs private). Multinomial logistic regression was used to model the associations among the variables and to calculate odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each pattern of physical activity.
The physical self-perceptions variable was the most consistent individual correlate of physical activity across participation patterns (ORs ranging from 4.29 to 1.88, CIs ranging from 2.16-8.54 to 1.10-3.21). Regarding the school variables included in this study, both were linked with participation in physical activity, but evaluation of the physical education experience showed the most consistent associations across activity patterns (ORs 2.49-2.17, CIs 1.49-4.15 to 1.25-3.74).
Physical education programs may benefit adolescents with different physical activity participation preferences regardless of important individual characteristics and broader school factors.
尽管先前的研究已经证明了个体和学校因素作为整体青少年身体活动的相关性的重要性，但对于这些因素与青少年时期特定身体活动模式的关系知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是检验在基于西班牙青少年人群的身体活动总和指数的情况下，选择的个体和学校因素与身体活动模式之间的关系。
1084 名 12 至 17 岁的学生在上课期间完成了一次自我报告调查。除了在课外时间参加体育活动外，本分析还包括以下变量：性别、年龄、体重状况、身体自我认知、对学校体育教育经历的评价以及学校类型（公立与私立）。使用多项逻辑回归模型来分析变量之间的关联，并计算每种身体活动模式的优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
身体自我认知变量是身体活动参与模式中最一致的个体相关因素（OR 值范围为 4.29 至 1.88，CI 值范围为 2.16-8.54 至 1.10-3.21）。就本研究中包含的学校变量而言，两者都与身体活动的参与有关，但对体育教育经历的评价在各种活动模式中表现出最一致的关联（OR 值为 2.49-2.17，CI 值为 1.49-4.15 至 1.25-3.74）。
体育教育计划可能使具有不同身体活动参与偏好的青少年受益，而不论其重要的个体特征和更广泛的学校因素如何。
