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空间分布的形态发生素产生和形态发生素梯度形成。

Spatially distributed morphogen production and morphogen gradient formation.

机构信息

Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3875.

出版信息

Math Biosci Eng. 2005 Apr;2(2):239-62. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2005.2.239.

Abstract

Partial diferential equations and auxiliary conditions governing the activities of the morphogen Dpp in Drosophila wing imaginal discs were formulated and analyzed as Systems B, R, and C in [7] [9] [10]. All had morphogens produced at the border of anterior and posterior chamber of the wing disc idealized as a point, line, or plane in a one-, two-, or three-dimensional model. In reality, morphogens are synthesized in a narrow region of finite width (possibly of only a few cells) between the two chambers in which diffusion and reversible binding with degradable receptors may also take place. The present investigation revisits the extracellular System R, now allowing for a finite production region of Dpp between the two chambers. It will be shown that this more refined model of the wing disc, designated as System F, leads to some qualitatively diferent morphogen gradient features. One significant diference between the two models is that System F impose no restriction on the morphogen production rate for the existence of a unique stable steady state concentration of the Dpp-receptor complexes. Analytical and numerical solutions will be obtained for special cases of System F. Some applications of the results for explaining available experimental data (to appear elsewhere) are briefly indicated. It will also be shown how the effects of the distributed source of System F may be aggregated to give an approximating point source model (designated as the aggregated source model or System A for short) that includes System R as a special case. System A will be analyzed in considerable detail in [6], and the limitation of System R as an approximation of System F will also be delineated there.

摘要

在 [7] [9] [10] 中,将控制果蝇翅膀成虫盘形态发生素 Dpp 活性的偏微分方程和辅助条件制定并分析为系统 B、R 和 C。所有系统都将形态发生素在翅膀盘的前室和后室边界理想化为一个点、线或面,在一维、二维或三维模型中产生。实际上,形态发生素是在两个室之间的有限宽度的狭窄区域(可能只有几个细胞)中合成的,在该区域中也可能发生扩散和与可降解受体的可逆结合。本研究重新审视了细胞外系统 R,现在允许 Dpp 在两个室之间存在有限的产生区域。结果表明,这种更精细的翅膀盘模型,指定为系统 F,会导致形态发生素梯度特征的一些定性差异。这两个模型的一个显著区别是,系统 F 对形态发生素的产生速率没有限制,因为 Dpp-受体复合物的唯一稳定稳态浓度是存在的。将为系统 F 的特殊情况获得分析和数值解。简要指出了这些结果在解释现有实验数据(即将在其他地方出现)方面的一些应用。还将展示如何将系统 F 的分布式源的影响聚集起来,给出一个近似的点源模型(指定为聚合源模型或简称为系统 A),该模型包括系统 R 作为一个特例。系统 A 将在 [6] 中进行详细分析,并在那里还将描绘系统 R 作为系统 F 的近似的局限性。

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