Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310-6046, USA.
Nanotechnology. 2010 Jun 11;21(23):235701. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/23/235701. Epub 2010 May 13.
Mixed single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube membrane (buckypaper) was incorporated onto the surface of polyimide/carbon fibre composites via a compression moulding process. Flammability was investigated by cone calorimeter tests under an external radiant heat flux of 50 kW m(-2). The burning residue was analysed with scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The buckypaper survived the burning test and decreased the peak heat release rate by 40%, reduced the total heat release by 26%, produced 82% less smoke release and resulted in 33% less mass loss. The directly mixed carbon nanotubes (5 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes) yielded 38% less peak heat release rate, only 3.7% less total heat release, 28% more smoke release and no change in mass loss. Compared to direct mixing of carbon nanotubes into the resin, the use of buckypaper is more efficient in fire retardancy improvement; it yielded further delay of ignition, lower heat release rate, further reduced heat release, lower mass loss and less smoke release. The buckypaper worked as an excellent physical barrier, obstructing the flow of heat and oxygen to the inner polymer resin. The as-prepared buckypaper greatly improved the fire retardancy of polyimide matrix carbon fibre composites.
混合单壁和多壁碳纳米管膜（巴基纸）通过压缩成型工艺被结合到聚酰亚胺/碳纤维复合材料的表面。通过在 50kW/m² 的外部辐射热通量下进行锥形量热计测试来研究可燃性。用扫描电子显微镜和热重分析对燃烧残留物进行了分析。巴基纸在燃烧测试中幸存下来，将峰值放热率降低了 40%，总放热量降低了 26%，烟雾释放量减少了 82%，质量损失减少了 33%。直接混合的碳纳米管（5wt%多壁碳纳米管）的峰值放热率降低了 38%，总放热量仅降低了 3.7%，烟雾释放量增加了 28%，质量损失没有变化。与将碳纳米管直接混合到树脂中相比，使用巴基纸在提高阻燃性方面更有效；它进一步延迟了点火，降低了放热率，进一步减少了热量释放，降低了质量损失和烟雾释放。巴基纸作为一种优异的物理屏障，阻止了热量和氧气流向内部聚合物树脂。所制备的巴基纸大大提高了聚酰亚胺基体碳纤维复合材料的阻燃性。
