Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2010 May 5;5(5):e10485. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010485.
It has been long appreciated that speciation involves changes in body plans and establishes genetic, reproductive, developmental and behavioral incompatibilities between populations. However, little is still known about the genetic components involved in these changes or the sequence and scale of events that lead to the differentiation of species.
In this paper, we investigated the genetic changes in three closely related species of Drosophila by making pair-wise comparisons of their genomes. We focused our analysis on the modern relatives of the alleles likely to be segregating in pre-historic populations at the time or after the ancestor of D. simulans became separated from the ancestor of D. melanogaster. Some of these genes were previously implicated in the genetics of reproduction and behavior while the biological functions of others are not yet clear.
Together these results identify different classes of genes that might have participated in the beginning of segregation of these species millions of years ago in Africa.
人们早就认识到物种形成涉及身体形态的变化，并在种群之间建立了遗传、生殖、发育和行为上的不相容性。然而，人们对这些变化所涉及的遗传成分，以及导致物种分化的事件的顺序和规模，仍然知之甚少。
在本文中，我们通过比较三个密切相关的果蝇物种的基因组，研究了它们的遗传变化。我们的分析集中在现代与 D. simulans 祖先从 D. melanogaster 祖先分离后的历史时期可能在种群中分离的等位基因的近代亲属上。其中一些基因以前与生殖和行为的遗传学有关，而其他基因的生物学功能尚不清楚。
这些结果共同确定了不同类别的基因，这些基因可能在数百万年前非洲开始分化这些物种时参与其中。
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