中国 1996-2005 年孕产妇死亡率。

Maternal mortality in China, 1996-2005.

机构信息

National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

出版信息

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010 Aug;110(2):93-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.03.013. Epub 2010 May 14.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.03.013

PMID:20471015

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the trend in maternal mortality ratio (MMR), characteristics and causes of maternal deaths, and factors influencing the MMR in China between 1996 and 2005.

METHODS

Data used in this study are based on the nationwide maternal mortality surveillance system. Trend in MMR and cause-specific mortality were analyzed using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.

RESULTS

From 1996 to 2005, MMR was higher in rural areas than in urban areas; and highest in remote areas followed by inner lands and coastal regions. The overall MMR in China decreased from 64.1 per 100000 live births in 1996 to 47.6 per 100000 live births in 2005. MMR in rural areas, remote areas, and coastal regions showed a decreasing trend. The leading causes of maternal death were obstetric hemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and amniotic fluid embolism. The mortality ratio of obstetric hemorrhage in rural areas and remote areas reduced significantly (P<0.001).

CONCLUSION

The MMR in China displayed regional differences. Declines in rural areas and remote areas resulted from well-targeted programs by the Chinese government. Future interventions are recommended to target causes of maternal death.

摘要

目的

分析 1996 年至 2005 年中国孕产妇死亡率（MMR）的变化趋势、孕产妇死亡的特征和原因以及影响 MMR 的因素。

方法

本研究的数据来源于全国孕产妇死亡监测系统。采用 Cochran-Armitage 趋势检验分析 MMR 和死因特异性死亡率的变化趋势。

结果

1996 年至 2005 年，农村地区的 MMR 高于城市地区，边远地区的 MMR 最高，其次是内陆地区和沿海地区。中国的总体 MMR 从 1996 年的每 10 万活产儿 64.1 例降至 2005 年的 47.6 例。农村地区、边远地区和沿海地区的 MMR 呈下降趋势。孕产妇死亡的主要原因是产科出血、妊娠高血压和羊水栓塞。农村和边远地区产科出血的死亡率显著降低（P<0.001）。