椎体与脊髓损伤的影像学进展。
Advances in imaging of vertebral and spinal cord injury.
作者信息
Goldberg Andrew L, Kershah Sharif M
机构信息
MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
出版信息
J Spinal Cord Med. 2010;33(2):105-16. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2010.11689685.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Imaging technology is an important part of the diagnosis and management of spinal trauma. Indications and findings in post-traumatic imaging of the vertebral column and spinal cord are reviewed.
METHODS
An extensive literature review was performed on the imaging of vertebral and spinal cord injury. Relevant images from a Level I trauma center were included as examples.
RESULTS
Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of acute and chronic spinal injury. Spinal cord and soft-tissue injuries are best evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whereas spinal fractures are better characterized by computed tomography (CT). Vascular injuries can be evaluated using CT or MR angiography.
CONCLUSIONS
Imaging using CT and MRI is essential in the management of spinal cord injuries, both in the acute and in the chronic settings. MRI shows the status of ligamentous integrity and visualizes internal derangement of the spinal cord. Vascular compromise can be diagnosed by MR and CT angiography. Plain radiography now has a more limited, adjunctive role, and the need for higher risk myelography has been minimized.
背景/目的：成像技术是脊柱创伤诊断和治疗的重要组成部分。本文对脊柱和脊髓创伤后成像的适应证及表现进行综述。
方法
对脊柱和脊髓损伤的成像进行广泛的文献综述。纳入来自一级创伤中心的相关影像作为示例。
结果
成像在急性和慢性脊柱损伤评估中发挥重要作用。脊髓和软组织损伤最好通过磁共振成像（MRI）评估，而脊柱骨折通过计算机断层扫描（CT）能更好地进行特征描述。血管损伤可通过CT或磁共振血管造影进行评估。
结论
在急性和慢性脊髓损伤的治疗中，CT和MRI成像至关重要。MRI可显示韧带完整性状况并观察脊髓内部紊乱情况。MR和CT血管造影可诊断血管受压情况。平片目前的作用更为有限，仅起辅助作用，且高风险脊髓造影的需求已降至最低。
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