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更强的诱导防御增强了内寄生猎物的持久性。

Stronger inducible defences enhance persistence of intraguild prey.

机构信息

Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3N5, Canada.

出版信息

J Anim Ecol. 2010 Sep;79(5):993-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01705.x. Epub 2010 May 18.

Abstract
  1. Intraguild predation is widespread in nature despite its potentially destabilizing effect on food web dynamics. 2. Anti-predator inducible defences affect both birth and death rates of populations and have the potential to substantially modify food web dynamics and possibly increase persistence of intraguild prey. 3. In a chemostat experiment, we investigated the long-term effects of inducible defences on the dynamics of aquatic microbial food webs consisting of an intraguild predator, intraguild prey, and a basal resource. We controlled environmental conditions and selected strains of intraguild prey that varied in the strength of expressed inducible defences. 4. We found that intraguild prey with a stronger tendency to induce an anti-predator morphology persist for significantly longer periods of time. In addition, model selection analysis implied that flexibility in defensive phenotype (inducibility itself) is most likely the factor responsible for the enhanced persistence. 5. As patterns at the community level often emerge as a result of the life-history traits of individuals, we propose that inducible defences increase the persistence of populations and may contribute to the widespread occurrence of theoretically unstable intraguild predation systems in nature.
摘要
  1. 尽管种内捕食对食物网动态具有潜在的不稳定性影响,但它在自然界中广泛存在。

  2. 抗捕食者诱导防御会影响种群的出生率和死亡率,并有可能显著改变食物网动态,可能会增加种内捕食者猎物的持久性。

  3. 在恒化器实验中,我们研究了诱导防御对由种内捕食者、种内猎物和基础资源组成的水生微生物食物网动态的长期影响。我们控制了环境条件,并选择了在表达诱导防御能力方面存在差异的种内猎物菌株。

  4. 我们发现,具有更强诱导抗捕食形态倾向的种内猎物能够持续更长的时间。此外,模型选择分析表明,防御表型的灵活性(诱导能力本身)很可能是增强持久性的原因。

  5. 由于群落水平的模式通常是个体的生活史特征的结果,因此我们提出,诱导防御可以增加种群的持久性,并可能有助于在自然界中广泛存在理论上不稳定的种内捕食系统。

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