格陵兰因纽特人和丹麦人尸检肝组织样本中的 13 碳和 15 氮同位素：食用海洋与陆地食物。

13Carbon and 15nitrogen isotopes in autopsy liver tissue samples from Greenlandic Inuit and Danes: consumption of marine versus terrestrial food.

机构信息

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Noestved Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Noestved, Denmark.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jul;64(7):739-44. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.67. Epub 2010 Jun 2.

DOI:10.1038/ejcn.2010.67

PMID:20517328

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The content of (13)C and (15)N isotopes is higher in marine than in terrestrial food. (13)C and (15)N in human tissue therefore reflects the relative proportions of marine and terrestrial food consumed by the individual. The objective of this study was to measure (13)C and (15)N in liver tissue from Greenlandic Inuit and Danes.

SUBJECTS/METHODS: Normal liver tissue was obtained at autopsy in 1992-1994 from 60 Inuit with a median age of 61 years (range 25-83) and in 1986 from 15 ethnic Danes with a median age of 84 years (range 66-93). By sieving, liver tissue was separated in a 'cellular fraction' and a 'connective tissue fraction'. (13)C and (15)N in dry liver tissue was measured on a mass spectrometer. delta(13)C indicates the (13)C content relative to the IAEA-CH-6 reference standard. delta(15)N indicates (15)N content relative to the atmospheric nitrogen reference standard.

RESULTS

Inuit: median delta(13)C was -21.2 per thousand in cellular and -20.0 per thousand in connective tissue fractions (P=0.001). Median delta(15)N was 10.6 per thousand in both cellular and connective tissue fractions. Body mass index was negatively correlated with delta(13)C in the connective tissue fraction (r(s)=-0.42, P=0.057). Danes: median delta(13)C was -27.0 per thousand in cellular and -24.3 per thousand in connective tissue fractions (P=0.11). Median delta(15)N was 9.5 per thousand in cellular and 8.9 per thousand in connective tissue fractions (P=0.5). Inuit had higher delta(13)C than Danes in both cellular and connective tissue fractions (P<0.001) as well as higher delta(15)N in the cellular fraction (P=0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Inuit showed considerable variation in the ratio between marine and terrestrial food consumption, reflecting a vanishing hunter culture where elderly Inuit still adhere to the traditional hunters food with a high content of marine food, whereas the younger urbanized Inuit population consume food with a lower content of marine food and a higher content of terrestrial food. Danes consumed food of almost exclusively terrestrial origin. The present (13)C and (15)N analyses are in accordance with the dietary patterns obtained by dietary surveys.

摘要

背景/目的：（13）C 和（15）N 同位素在海洋食物中的含量高于陆地食物。因此，人体组织中的（13）C 和（15）N 反映了个体所摄入的海洋和陆地食物的相对比例。本研究的目的是测量格陵兰因纽特人和丹麦人的肝组织中的（13）C 和（15）N。

受试者/方法：1992-1994 年，在 60 名年龄中位数为 61 岁（范围 25-83 岁）的因纽特人尸检时获得了正常的肝组织，并于 1986 年从 15 名具有相同年龄中位数的丹麦裔族群中获得了肝组织（范围 66-93 岁）。通过筛分，肝组织被分离成“细胞部分”和“结缔组织部分”。在质谱仪上测量干燥肝组织中的（13）C 和（15）N。δ（13）C 表示相对于 IAEA-CH-6 参考标准的（13）C 含量。δ（15）N 表示相对于大气氮参考标准的（15）N 含量。

结果

因纽特人：细胞部分的中位数δ（13）C 为-21.2‰，结缔组织部分为-20.0‰（P=0.001）。细胞和结缔组织部分的中位数δ（15）N 均为 10.6‰。身体质量指数与结缔组织部分的δ（13）C 呈负相关（r(s)=-0.42，P=0.057）。丹麦人：细胞部分的中位数δ（13）C 为-27.0‰，结缔组织部分为-24.3‰（P=0.11）。细胞部分的中位数δ（15）N 为 9.5‰，结缔组织部分为 8.9‰（P=0.5）。因纽特人在细胞和结缔组织部分的δ（13）C 均高于丹麦人（P<0.001），细胞部分的δ（15）N 也高于丹麦人（P=0.01）。

结论

因纽特人在海洋和陆地食物的摄入比例上存在很大差异，反映了一种正在消失的狩猎文化，老年人因纽特人仍然坚持以海洋食物为主要来源的传统狩猎饮食，而年轻的城市化因纽特人则以陆地食物为主，海洋食物为辅。丹麦人所食用的食物几乎全部来源于陆地。本研究中的（13）C 和（15）N 分析与通过膳食调查获得的饮食模式一致。