人类干细胞作为运动神经元发育和疾病的模型。
Human stem cells as a model of motoneuron development and diseases.
机构信息
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Institute of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Jun;1198:192-200. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05537.x.
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) possess the potential to become all cell and tissue types of the human body. Under chemically defined culture systems, hESCs and hiPSCs have been efficiently directed to functional spinal motoneurons and astrocytes. The differentiation process faithfully recapitulates the developmental process predicted from studies in vertebrate animals and human specimens, suggesting the usefulness of stem cell differentiation systems in understanding human cellular development. Motoneurons and astrocytes differentiated from genetically altered hESCs or disease hiPSCs exhibit predicted phenotypes. They thus offer a simplified dynamic model for analyzing pathological processes that lead to human motoneuron degeneration, which in turn may serve as a template for pharmaceutical screening. In addition, the human stem cell-derived motoneurons and astrocytes, including those specifically derived from a patient, may become a source for cell therapy.
人类胚胎干细胞（hESCs）和人类诱导多能干细胞（hiPSCs）具有分化为人体所有细胞和组织类型的潜能。在化学定义的培养系统中，hESCs 和 hiPSCs 已被有效地定向分化为功能性脊髓运动神经元和星形胶质细胞。分化过程忠实地再现了从脊椎动物和人类标本研究中预测的发育过程，这表明干细胞分化系统在理解人类细胞发育方面的有用性。从遗传改变的 hESCs 或疾病 hiPSCs 分化而来的运动神经元和星形胶质细胞表现出预期的表型。因此，它们为分析导致人类运动神经元退化的病理过程提供了一个简化的动态模型，这反过来又可以作为药物筛选的模板。此外，人类干细胞衍生的运动神经元和星形胶质细胞，包括那些专门从患者中衍生的细胞，可能成为细胞治疗的来源。
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