外踝支撑对落地时下肢关节力学的影响。
Influence of external ankle support on lower extremity joint mechanics during drop landings.
机构信息
Biodynamics Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, and Center for Biomedical Engineering Systems, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA.
出版信息
J Sport Rehabil. 2010 May;19(2):136-48. doi: 10.1123/jsr.19.2.136.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of external ankle support (EAS) on lower extremity joint mechanics and vertical ground-reaction forces (VGRF) during drop landings.
DESIGN
A 1 x 3 repeated-measures, crossover design.
SETTING
Biomechanics research laboratory.
PATIENTS
13 male recreationally active basketball players (age 22.3 +/- 2.2 y, height 177.5 +/- 7.5 cm, mass 72.2 +/- 11.4 kg) free from lower extremity pathology for the 12 mo before the study.
INTERVENTIONS
Subjects performed a 1-legged drop landing from a standardized height under 3 different ankle-support conditions.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Hip, knee, and ankle angular displacement along with specific temporal (TGRFz1, TGRFz2; s) and spatial (GRFz1, GRFz2; body-weight units [BW]) characteristics of the VGRF vector were measured during a drop landing.
RESULTS
The tape condition (1.08 +/- 0.09 BW) demonstrated less GRFz1 than the control (1.28 +/- 0.16 BW) and semirigid conditions (1.28 +/- 0.21 BW; P < .0001), and GRFz2 was unaffected. For TGRFz1, no-support displayed slower time (0.017 +/- 0.004 s) than the semirigid (0.014 +/- 0.001 s) and tape conditions (0.014 +/- 0.002 s; P < .05). For TGRFz2, no-support displayed slower time (0.054 +/- 0.006 s) than the semirigid (0.050 +/- 0.006 s) and tape conditions (0.045 +/- 0.004 s; P < .05). Semirigid bracing was slower than the tape condition, as well (P < .05). Ankle-joint displacement was less in the tape (34.6 degrees +/- 7.7 degrees) and semirigid (36.8 degrees +/- 9.3 degrees) conditions than in no-support (45.7 degrees +/- 7.3 degrees; P < .05). Knee-joint displacement was larger in the no-support (45.1 degrees +/- 9.0 degrees) than in the semirigid (42.6 degrees +/- 6.8 degrees; P < .05) condition. Tape support (43.8 degrees +/- 8.7 degrees) did not differ from the semirigid condition (P > .05). Hip angular displacement was not affected by EAS (F(2,24) = 1.47, P = .25).
CONCLUSIONS
EAS reduces ankle- and knee-joint displacement, which appear to influence the spatial and temporal characteristics of GRFz1 during drop landings.
目的
研究外踝支撑（EAS）对落地时下肢关节力学和垂直地面反作用力（VGRF）的影响。
设计
1 x 3 重复测量，交叉设计。
地点
生物力学研究实验室。
患者
13 名男性业余篮球运动员（年龄 22.3 +/- 2.2 岁，身高 177.5 +/- 7.5 cm，体重 72.2 +/- 11.4 kg），在研究前 12 个月内没有下肢病理。
干预
受试者在 3 种不同的踝部支撑条件下，从标准化高度进行单腿落地。
主要观察指标
在落地过程中，测量髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的角位移以及 VGRF 向量的特定时间（TGRFz1、TGRFz2；s）和空间（GRFz1、GRFz2；体重单位 [BW]）特征。
结果
与对照（1.28 +/- 0.16 BW）和半刚性条件（1.28 +/- 0.21 BW；P <.0001）相比，胶带条件（1.08 +/- 0.09 BW）的 GRFz1 更小，GRFz2 不受影响。对于 TGRFz1，无支撑的时间（0.017 +/- 0.004 s）比半刚性（0.014 +/- 0.001 s）和胶带条件（0.014 +/- 0.002 s）慢；P <.05）。对于 TGRFz2，无支撑的时间（0.054 +/- 0.006 s）比半刚性（0.050 +/- 0.006 s）和胶带条件（0.045 +/- 0.004 s）慢；P <.05）。半刚性支撑也比胶带条件慢（P <.05）。在胶带（34.6 度 +/- 7.7 度）和半刚性（36.8 度 +/- 9.3 度）条件下，踝关节位移小于无支撑条件（45.7 度 +/- 7.3 度；P <.05）。在无支撑（45.1 度 +/- 9.0 度）条件下，膝关节位移大于半刚性（42.6 度 +/- 6.8 度；P <.05）。胶带支撑（43.8 度 +/- 8.7 度）与半刚性条件无差异（P >.05）。EAS 不影响髋关节角度位移（F（2,24）= 1.47，P =.25）。
结论
EAS 减少踝关节和膝关节的位移，这似乎影响了落地时 GRFz1 的空间和时间特征。
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