Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University Vancouver Campus, Vancouver, British Colombia, Canada.
Psychol Aging. 2010 Jun;25(2):412-21. doi: 10.1037/a0017873.
In previous research, marital idealization has emerged as a significant predictor of adaptation to widowhood, the psychological well-being of spouses of persons with dementia, and the physical health of older married adults over time. Despite the adaptive value of marital idealization, conceptual confusion regarding this phenomenon persists. To this end, the present study examines the degree to which marital idealization is predicted by personality traits relative to partner perceptions of their spouse's personality, and discrepancies between self- vs. spousal reports for both husbands and wives. Multilevel models were computed on the basis of responses from 125 couples married an average of 34 years. Marital idealization by husbands was predicted by his personality (i.e., lower neuroticism, openness to experience, agreeableness, and higher conscientiousness). In contrast, marital idealization by wives was predicted by trait discrepancies (i.e., being seen, and seeing one's spouse, more positively than she or he sees him- or herself). Conscientiousness emerged as the trait for which between-sex differences were most pronounced, whereas both conscientiousness and agreeableness were the traits most broadly associated with marital idealization by both spouses (intracouple trait averages and discrepancies between spousal reports). These results are discussed in relation to gender socialization and between-sex differences.
在先前的研究中，婚姻理想化已成为适应丧偶、痴呆症患者配偶的心理健康以及老年已婚成年人身体健康的重要预测因素。尽管婚姻理想化具有适应性价值，但人们对这种现象的概念仍然存在混淆。为此，本研究考察了人格特质相对于配偶对配偶人格的看法、夫妻双方自我报告与配偶报告之间的差异，在多大程度上可以预测婚姻理想化。基于平均结婚 34 年的 125 对夫妇的回答，计算了多层次模型。丈夫的婚姻理想化是由他的人格（即较低的神经质、经验开放性、宜人性和较高的尽责性）预测的。相比之下，妻子的婚姻理想化是由特质差异（即被视为比自己更积极，或者比自己看到配偶更积极）预测的。尽责性是性别差异最明显的特质，而尽责性和宜人性是配偶双方最广泛地与婚姻理想化相关的特质（夫妻间特质平均值和配偶报告之间的差异）。这些结果将结合性别社会化和性别差异进行讨论。
