Arora S K, Sinha R, Sehgal S
Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Med Microbiol Immunol. 1991;180(1):21-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00191697.
Reports in the literature indicate the use of animal models for testing newer anti-leishmanial drugs in vivo. However, in certain established cell lines and macrophages in vitro models have the advantage over the in vivo system of simplicity and speed with which the results can be obtained. A simple in vitro system using peritoneal exudate macrophages of BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania donovani promastigotes has been tested for its use in determining the efficacy of several new drugs. Two well-established drugs, amphotericin B and sodium stibogluconate, as expected, could kill the intracellular parasites effectively. Two relatively new drugs not routinely used against leishmania, rifampicin and metronidazole at concentrations of 20 micrograms/ml and 10 micrograms/ml, respectively, were also able to kill the intracellular leishmania parasites effectively. Critical factors for drug testing in vitro have been elucidated: the most important being the temperature of incubation after infection.
文献报道表明，动物模型可用于体内测试新型抗利什曼原虫药物。然而，在某些已建立的细胞系和巨噬细胞体外模型中，相较于体内系统，其具有操作简单、能快速获得结果的优势。一种简单的体外系统，即使用感染杜氏利什曼原虫前鞭毛体的BALB/c小鼠腹腔渗出巨噬细胞，已被测试用于确定几种新药的疗效。两种成熟药物，两性霉素B和葡萄糖酸锑钠，正如预期的那样，能够有效杀死细胞内的寄生虫。两种相对较新的、通常不用于治疗利什曼病的药物，利福平（浓度为20微克/毫升）和甲硝唑（浓度为10微克/毫升），也能够有效杀死细胞内的利什曼原虫寄生虫。体外药物测试的关键因素已得到阐明：其中最重要的是感染后的孵育温度。
