North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
J Pers. 2010 Jun;78(3):969-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00639.x.
Previous research indicates that people respond to heightened death-related cognition with increased defense of predominant cultural beliefs (cultural worldview defense). However, recent research indicates that individual differences in personal need for structure (PNS) impact responses to threatening thoughts of death such that those high, but not low, in PNS respond to death thoughts by seeking a highly structured, clear, and coherent view of the world. Research has yet to fully consider the extent to which PNS affects the cultural worldview defenses typically exhibited after death is rendered salient. The current 3 studies examine the potential for PNS to determine the extent to which people respond to mortality salience with increased worldview defense. In all three studies PNS was measured and mortality salience induced. Subsequently, university-related (Study 1) or religious (Studies 2 and 3) worldview defense was assessed. Only individuals high in PNS responded to mortality salience with increased worldview defense.
先前的研究表明，人们会对与死亡相关的认知增强做出反应，从而加强对主要文化信仰（文化世界观防御）的防御。然而，最近的研究表明，个体在结构需求上的差异（PNS）会影响对死亡威胁思想的反应，以至于那些 PNS 高而不是低的人会通过寻求对世界的高度结构化、清晰和连贯的看法来应对死亡思想。研究尚未充分考虑 PNS 对死亡突显后通常表现出的文化世界观防御的影响程度。目前的三项研究考察了 PNS 决定人们对死亡凸显的反应程度的可能性，从而增加世界观防御。在所有三项研究中，都测量了 PNS 和死亡凸显，并随后评估了与大学相关的（研究 1）或宗教（研究 2 和 3）世界观防御。只有 PNS 高的个体才会对死亡凸显做出增加世界观防御的反应。
