Rees D, McDermid I S
Appl Opt. 1990 Oct 1;29(28):4133-44. doi: 10.1364/AO.29.004133.
We reevaluate the performance of an incoherent Doppler lidar system operating at 354.7 nm, based on recent but well-proven Nd:YAG laser technology and currently available optical sensors. For measurements in the lower troposphere, up to ~5 km altitude, and also in the Junge-layer of the lower stratosphere, a wind component accuracy of +/- 2 m/s and a vertical resolution of 1 km should be obtained with a single pulse from a 1-J laser, operating at Polar Platform altitudes (700-850 km) and high scan angles (55 degrees ). For wind measurements in the upper troposphere (above ~5 km altitude) and stratosphere (above and below the Junge layer) the concentration of scatterers is much lower and higher energies would be required to maintain +/-2m/s accuracy and 1 km vertical resolution, using single laser pulses. Except for the region in the vicinity of the tropopause (10 km altitude), a 5-J pulse would be appropriate to make measurements in these regions. The worst case is encountered near 10 km altitude, where we calculate that a 15-J pulse would be required. To reduce this energy requirement, we would propose to degrade the altitude resolution from 1 km to 2-3 km, and also to consider averaging multiple pulses. Degrading the vertical and horizontal resolution could provide an acceptable method of obtaining the required wind accuracy without the penalty of using a laser of higher output power. We believe that a Doppler lidar system, employing a near ultraviolet laser with a pulse energy of 5 J, could achieve the performance objectives required by the major potential users of a global space-borne wind observing system.
基于近期已得到充分验证的Nd:YAG激光技术和现有的光学传感器，我们重新评估了一台工作在354.7纳米波长的非相干多普勒激光雷达系统的性能。对于在对流层下部（高达约5千米高度）以及平流层下部的容格层进行测量，在极地平台高度（700 - 850千米）和高扫描角度（55度）下，使用1焦耳的激光单脉冲，应能获得±2米/秒的风分量精度和1千米的垂直分辨率。对于对流层上部（高于约5千米高度）和平流层（容格层上下）的风测量，散射体浓度要低得多，使用单激光脉冲时，需要更高的能量才能维持±2米/秒的精度和1千米的垂直分辨率。除了对流层顶附近区域（10千米高度），5焦耳的脉冲适合在这些区域进行测量。最糟糕的情况出现在10千米高度附近，我们计算得出在该区域需要15焦耳的脉冲。为了降低这种能量需求，我们建议将高度分辨率从1千米降低到2 - 3千米，并且还考虑对多个脉冲进行平均。降低垂直和水平分辨率可以提供一种可接受的方法来获得所需的风精度，而无需使用更高输出功率激光的代价。我们相信，一个采用脉冲能量为5焦耳的近紫外激光的多普勒激光雷达系统，可以实现全球星载风观测系统主要潜在用户所需的性能目标。
