National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No 17, section 3, Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010 Oct;64(10):935-6. doi: 10.1136/jech.2009.093138. Epub 2010 Jun 27.
This study examined the differences in neonatal mortality rates between urban and rural areas in China.
Data were taken from a database collected by the Chinese surveillance network for mortality of children under 5 years of age. The risk ratio of neonatal mortality for rural versus urban areas was between 2.2 and 2.7 for 1996-2006 and it declined to 2.0 in 2005-6. Pneumonia, birth asphyxia and preterm birth or low birth weight were the major contributors to the urban-rural differences in neonatal mortality, together with a relatively high proportion of home delivery and a relatively lower proportion of hospital treatment in rural areas.
The urban-rural differences reflect the gap between the developed and the underdeveloped regions in China at that period. The neonatal mortality rate in China's rural areas could decrease further if continuous efforts are successful to increase the rates of hospital delivery in rural areas.
本研究旨在探讨中国城乡新生儿死亡率的差异。
数据来自中国 5 岁以下儿童死亡率监测网络数据库。1996-2006 年，农村地区新生儿死亡率的风险比为 2.2-2.7，2005-2006 年降至 2.0。肺炎、出生窒息以及早产或低出生体重是造成城乡新生儿死亡率差异的主要原因，此外，农村地区的分娩地点以家庭为主，而医院治疗的比例相对较低。
城乡差异反映了当时中国发达地区与欠发达地区之间的差距。如果继续努力提高农村地区的住院分娩率，中国农村地区的新生儿死亡率有望进一步降低。
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