de Moura Emanoel G, Araújo José R G, Monroe Paulo H M, de O Nascimento Ivaneide, Aguiar Alana C F
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, 65054-970, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil.
Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric. 2009 Jun;1(2):142-8.
In the humid tropics, on the edges of the Amazon forest, the technological challenges to establishing and maintaining productive and sustainable agricultural systems have yet to be overcome. The groups involved in agriculture in the north of Brazil still engage in the practice of slash and burn in order to prepare and fertilize the soil. This produces negative effects for the local and global environment, without the counter-effect of providing social benefits to rural communities. Whether this process continues is of fundamental importance to many countries because it means that slash and burn agriculture is advancing on the Amazon rainforest, with a negative effect on every dimension of national policy. Beyond social political problems the biggest challenge for researchers in the field of tropical agriculture is to offer technological alternatives that can sustain agriculture in soils derived from sedimentary rocks that have been subjected to a high degree of weathering. In this article patented information is also discussed. Experiments undertaken in this region recommend taking advantage of the rapid growth of plants in the tropics. We aimed at proposing a suitable alternative system for a sustainable soil management in the particular conditions of humid tropics, named as "no-till in alley cropping using tree leguminous mulch." This system offers the advantages of: bringing together, in the same space and at the same time, the processes of cultivation and the regeneration of soil fertility.
在潮湿的热带地区，位于亚马逊森林边缘地带，建立和维持高产且可持续的农业系统所面临的技术挑战尚未得到克服。巴西北部从事农业的群体仍在进行刀耕火种的做法，以便整地和施肥。这对当地和全球环境都产生了负面影响，却没有给农村社区带来社会效益的反作用。这一过程是否会持续下去，对许多国家来说至关重要，因为这意味着刀耕火种农业正在向亚马逊雨林推进，对国家政策的各个方面都产生负面影响。除了社会政治问题，热带农业领域研究人员面临的最大挑战是提供技术替代方案，以维持在经历高度风化的沉积岩衍生土壤上的农业生产。在本文中还讨论了专利信息。在该地区进行的实验建议利用热带地区植物的快速生长特性。我们旨在为潮湿热带地区的特定条件提出一种合适的可持续土壤管理替代系统，名为“使用豆科树木覆盖物的行间作物免耕法”。该系统具有以下优点：在同一空间和同一时间内，将种植过程与土壤肥力的恢复过程结合起来。
